Research ArticlePhotoactivation of gold nanoparticles for glioma treatment
Graphical Abstract
The combination of gold nanoparticles with low energy synchrotron irradiation enhances the efficacy of glioma treatment in comparison with radiation alone both in vitro and in vivo. Distribution of gold nanoparticles in the brain was determined by 3D synchrotron computed tomography.
Section snippets
Cells irradiation and clonogenic assay
F98 glioma cells (ATCC) were cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium (DMEM, Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. The F98 doubling time is 19 h; 48 h before irradiation, cells are plated (2.104 cells per well) into 96-well tissue culture plates containing 200 μL DMEM. Before irradiation, cells were trypsinised and cell pellets were resuspended in 100 μL of complete medium containing or not 10 μL of AuNPs at 100 mg/mL. All concentrations reported in
In vitro studies
No intrinsic toxicity was observed when the F98 cells were exposed to 10 mg Au/mL for 15 min (estimated time required for the irradiation) whatever the AuNPs size (1.9 or 15 nm). The survival plots obtained for cells that were exposed to increasing doses of 50 keV X-rays in presence (or not) of AuNPs are shown in Figure 1 for 1.9 and 15 nm AuNPs. For both particles sizes, the F98 cells were irradiated in the presence of AuNPs at a concentration of 10 mg Au/mL in the culture media and just after
Discussion
The results obtained in vitro using F98 cells confirm the potential interest of the photoactivation of gold nanoparticles for inducing cells death since a radiosensitization effect of both sizes of AuNPs was observed. Interestingly, with regard to the obtained results, considering the same amount of gold atoms, the 1.9 nm AuNPs were found to be more effective in vitro than 15 nm AuNPs. This could be possibly attributed to the greater number of nanoparticles for 1.9 nm AuNPs compared to 15 nm AuNPs.
Acknowledgments
We are indebted to the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility medical beamline for providing the necessary beam time and technical assistance in all the steps of the experimental studies. Financial support from project ANR-2010-BLAN-1532 and Labex Primes is also acknowledged.
References (51)
- et al.
Primary brain tumours in adults
Lancet
(2003) - et al.
Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial
Lancet Oncol
(2009) - et al.
Synchrotron radiation therapy of malignant brain glioma loaded with an iodinated contrast agent: first trial on rats bearing F98 gliomas
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
(2003) - et al.
Prolonged survival of Fischer rats bearing F98 glioma after iodine-enhanced synchrotron stereotactic radiotherapy
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
(2006) - et al.
Convection-enhanced delivery of an iodine tracer into rat brain for synchrotron stereotactic radiotherapy
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
(2007) - et al.
Heavy element enhanced synchrotron stereotactic radiotherapy as a promising brain tumour treatment
Phys Med
(2008) - et al.
Clinical significance of atomic inner shell ionization (ISI) and Auger cascade for radiosensitization using IUdR, BUdR, platinum salts, or gadolinium porphyrin compounds
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
(2003) - et al.
Enhancement of radiation effects by gold nanoparticles for superficial radiation therapy
Nanomedicine
(2009) - et al.
Enhanced delivery of iodine for synchrotron stereotactic radiotherapy by means of intracarotid injection and blood–brain barrier disruption: quantitative iodine biodistribution studies and associated dosimetry
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
(2005) - et al.
Instrumentation of the ESRF medical imaging facility
Nuclear Instrum Methods Phys Res A
(1999)
Intracellular uptake, transport, and processing of nanostructures in cancer cells
Nanomedicine
Exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention effect for tumor targeting
Drug Discov Today
Glioblastoma multiforme: a review of where we have been and where we are going
Expert Opin Investig Drugs
Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma
N Engl J Med
Radiotherapy in the presence of contrast agents: a general figure of merit and its application to gold nanoparticles
Phys Med Biol
Effect of radiation and contrast media on chromosomes. Preliminary report
Radiology
Cytogenetic effects of contrast media and triiodobenzoic acid derivatives in human lymphocytes
Radiology
The influence of energy absorption and electron range on dosage in irradiated bone
Br J Radiol
Gold microspheres: a selective technique for producing biologically effective dose enhancement
Int J Radiat Biol
Tumour dose enhancement using modified megavoltage photon beams and contrast media
Phys Med Biol
Estimation of tumour dose enhancement due to gold nanoparticles during typical radiation treatments: a preliminary Monte Carlo study
Phys Med Biol
Iodinated contrast agents for brain tumor localization and radiation dose enhancement
Invest Radiol
X-ray phototherapy for canine brain masses
Radiat Oncol Investig
Dose distributions using kilovoltage x-rays and dose enhancement from iodine contrast agents
Phys Med Biol
Monte Carlo dosimetry for synchrotron stereotactic radiotherapy of brain tumours
Phys Med Biol
Cited by (92)
Therapeutic performance of temozolomide-loaded nanomaterials: A state-of-the-art
2023, Journal of Drug Delivery Science and TechnologyThe brilliance of nanoscience over cancer therapy: Novel promising nanotechnology-based methods for eradicating glioblastoma
2022, Journal of the Neurological SciencesEnzyme-encapsulated nanoparticles for biodegradation of materials
2021, Biodegradation and Biodeterioration at the Nanoscale
Conflicts of interest notification: there are no conflicts of interest.