Sulcal pattern and morphology of the superior temporal sulcus
Section snippets
Purpose and introduction
Sulci and gyri provide a natural topographic partition of the cortical anatomy. Additionally, the junctional zones between adjacent functional or architectonic fields frequently run along the bed of major or minor cortical sulci Rademacher et al., 1993, Roland and Zilles, 1994, Sanides, 1962, Watson et al., 1993. Tremendous variability in the size, shape and configuration of cortical gyri and sulci have been well demonstrated Damasio and Damasio, 1989, Evans et al., 1992, Keyserlingk et al.,
Subjects
Twenty-nine unselected normal adult volunteers were studied using Magnetic Resonance. Those with anatomical abnormalities detected by experienced neurosurgeons and/or no suitable quality 3D brain image (after post-processing with our software: BrainVisa (http://brainvisa.info) were excluded. Furthermore, to improve the reliability of this analysis, after a first statistical analysis, we isolated a subgroup including only right-handed volunteers (with a short-handedness questionnaire on the hand
Results
The results are segmented in two major parts: analysis of each “pli de passage” (PP) related to depthness and size, then analysis of the morphological attributes of STs. Each sub-group, whole population, male and female are analyzed separately.
Concerning the relationship between side and depthness (see Table 1) for each PP in the whole population the anteropolar PP is systematically superficial. The intermediate “pli de passage” shows a statistical correlation with side. The left one is more
Discussion
The asymmetry in the brain gyration was first identified in the sylvian region. Eberstaller (1890) studying post-mortem specimens have noticed that the sylvian fissure was longer on the left side and 2 years later, Cunningham added that on the right side, the fissure was more vertically angulated by 4° (Cunningham, 1892). This observation was confirmed by Talairach in 1957 relying on pneumoencephalography (Talairach et al., 1967) Szikla in 1977 using angiographies (Szikla et al., 1977) and
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2022, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyCitation Excerpt :Ono et al. (1990) reported up to four segments of the sts, while two segments and a continuous sts are the most common ones with high hemispheric variance. The left sts complex is globally more posterior in the left than in the right hemisphere, while the right sts is significantly deeper on the right side (Ochiai et al., 2004). The right sts ventral to the Heschl gyri is deeper in the right hemisphere in 95% of human adults than in the left hemisphere.
Statistical power: Implications for planning MEG studies
2021, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :Other regions with mostly tangential orientations, such as along the central sulcus, can be spatially highly consistent across subjects. In contrast, some brain regions have high degrees of inter-individual variability due to variations in cortical folding (e.g., pSTS, MT+/V5, inferior parietal cortex; Caspers et al., 2006), high degrees of curvature (e.g., occipital pole), or hemispheric asymmetries (Croxson et al., 2018; Ochiai et al., 2004). In addition, some deep brain structures, such as the hippocampus, may have less structural variability across subjects—this could mitigate some depth issues.
Plis de passage in the superior temporal sulcus: Morphology and local connectivity
2021, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :We determined manually the anterior and posterior extremities based on anatomical landmarks identifiable in each subject as described in a previous study (Bodin et al., 2017). The anterior extremity was chosen at the tip of the temporal lobe excluding the last polar sulcus that is often oriented transversally to the STS (Ochiai et al., 2004). The posterior extremity was chosen at the intersection between the STS horizontal main branch and its posterior ascending branches (Segal and Petrides, 2012).