Comparison of bone regeneration between octacalcium phosphate/collagen composite and β-tricalcium phosphate in canine calvarial defect

doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2011.12.029

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

Volume 115, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 9-17

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2011.12.029 Get rights and content

Objective

The present study evaluated the efficacy of bone regeneration between synthetic octacalcium phosphate (OCP) granules combined with porcine atelocollagen (OCP/Col) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).

Study Design

A disk of OCP/Col (20 mm diameter, 2.5 mm thick) or commercially available sintered porous β-TCP was implanted into a critical-sized calvarial defect (20 mm diameter) of adult male canines (n = 10). The newly formed bone in the defect was analyzed radiographically, crystallographically, histologically, and histomorphometrically at 6 months after implantation.

Results

Histomorphometry showed that there was significantly more newly formed bone in OCP/Col-treated defects than for β-TCP (P < .05). X-Ray diffraction patterns of implanted OCP/Col were similar to those of original bone and different from those of implanted β-TCP.

Conclusions

These results suggest that OCP/Col implantation in canine critical-sized defect enhanced bone regeneration more than β-TCP, which is the most commonly used synthetic bone substitutes.

Section snippets

Animals

Ten male beagle canines with an average age of 13.3 months (Narc Co., Chiba, Japan) were used. Principles of laboratory animal care, as well as national laws, were followed. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Tohoku University Environmental and Safety Committee approved all procedures in this study.

Preparation of OCP, OCP/Col, and β-TCP

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) was prepared by direct precipitation as described previously.⁸ The sieved granules (particle size 300-500 μm) of OCP, obtained from dried OCP, were

Macroscopic and radiographic view of the implants

The appearance of OCP/Col disk was slightly yellowish sponge, and the granules of β-TCP were white porous material. Under standardized conditions (30 kV, 5 mA, 20 s), the OCP/Col disks before implantation showed no radiopacity, whereas the granules of β-TCP before implantation showed granulous radiopacity (Figure 1, c and d).

Macroscopic analysis

Macroscopically, no inflammatory finding was observed in both experimental groups. Six months after OCP/Col implantation, the OCP/Col-treated defect was firm and contiguous

Discussion

In this study, bone regeneration by OCP/Col was compared with that by β-TCP at 6 months after large-sized OCP/Col disk or commercially available β-TCP granules were implanted into a critical-sized canine calvarial defect. Although OCP/Col before implantation hardly showed radiopacity, the entire implanted site of OCP/Col exhibited radiopacity by initiation of bone regeneration and the conversion from OCP to apatitic phase,¹⁰ and the border between the defects and the surrounding bone tissue was

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Cited by (27)

Octacalcium phosphate collagen composite (OCP/Col) enhance bone regeneration in a rat model of skull defect with dural defect
2020, Heliyon
Citation Excerpt :
Another important feature of OCP/Col is its enhanced resorption after implantation [21], which, although not 100% complete, is superior to that of β-TCP or HA, both of which are not totally resorbed and thus increase the risk of infection and inflammation after implantation due to the presence of a foreign body in the tissue [22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27]. The previous studies reported that implantation of OCP/Col enhanced bone regeneration more than implantation of HA or β-TCP [28, 29]. HA is osteoconductive and biocompatible, but it does not form bone and it will not increase the volume of vital bone [30].
Cranial bone defects are a major issue in the field of neurosurgery, and improper management of such defects can cause cosmetic issues as well as more serious infections and inflammation. Several strategies exist to manage these defects clinically, but most rely on synthetic materials that are prone to complications; thus, a bone regenerative approach would be superior. We tested a material (octacalcium phosphate collagen composite [OCP/Col]) that is known to enhance bone regeneration in a skull defect model in rats. Using a critical-sized rat skull defect model, OCP/Col was implanted in rats with an intact dura or with a partial defect of the dura. The results were compared with those in a no-treatment group over the course of 12 weeks using computed tomographic and histological analysis. OCP/Col enhanced bone regeneration, regardless of whether there was a defect of the dura. OCP/Col can be used to treat skull defects, even when the dura is injured or removed surgically, via bone regeneration with enhanced resorption of OCP/Col, thus limiting the risk of infection greatly.
Development and clinical application of octacalcium phosphate/collagen composites
2019, Octacalcium Phosphate Biomaterials: Understanding of Bioactive Properties and Application
This chapter introduces octacalcium phosphate/collagen composite (OCP/Col), which is a new bone regenerative material consisted of synthetic OCP and porcine atelocollagen. It starts by presenting a development of OCP/Col as it overcomes the limitations of OCP in moldability and handling performance. It then explains the features of OCP/Col through its preclinical studies. OCP/Col surpassed bone-regenerative properties of existing bone substitutes, and achieved sufficient bone regeneration without cell transplantation and exogenous osteogenic cytokines. Also, it has excellent resorbability and high cost performance without complicated handling or management system. Thereafter it explains that its doctor-initiated clinical research and sponsor-initiated multicenter clinical trial for the bone defect in oral and maxillofacial region. By the end of the chapter, it discusses that the future outlook of OCP/Col including the newly developed bone regenerative therapy based on OCP/Col.
Particle-size-dependent octacalcium phosphate overgrowth on β-tricalcium phosphate substrate in calcium phosphate solution
2018, Ceramics International
Citation Excerpt :
Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), on the other hand, also has been proven to have promising osteoconductive characteristics. Implanted OCP granules have provided cores for nucleating multiple osteogenic sites [15,16], better enhance bone regeneration than HAp and β-TCP, and are more resorbable than implanted HAp and β-TCP [17,18]. In a comparative study of implantation for 56 days using well grown but non-stoichiometric OCP, a slightly hydrolyzed OCP, a fully hydrolyzed OCP, and β-TCP, the β-TCP had the highest bone formation rate at day 14 while the slightly hydrolyzed OCP had the highest rate at day 56 because it suppressed early osteoclast activity and reduced inflammation [19].
The particle size of ceramics affects their performance in both in vitro and in vivo reactions. We evaluated the effects of the particle size of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca₃(PO₄)₂; β-TCP) on octacalcium phosphate (Ca₈(HPO₄)₂(PO₄)₄·5H₂O; OCP) overgrowth on a β-TCP substrate by using two types of β-TCP substrate, one composed of micrometer-sized particles and one composed of nanometer-sized particles (micro-TCP substrate and nano-TCP substrate), under physiological conditions. When the β-TCP substrate was immersed in a simple calcium phosphate solution, it was quickly covered with OCP. The morphology and size of the OCP crystals, as well as the structure, thickness, and crystal density of the overgrown OCP layer, depended on the β-TCP particle size. When the nano-TCP substrate was immersed, string-like (S) precipitates were initially deposited, and then flake-like (F) crystals formed on them. Plate-like (PL) OCP crystals grew on the flake-like crystals, and a three-layer structure (S-layer/F-layer/PL-layer) was formed, while no such structure was observed on the micro-TCP substrate. Small amounts of tiny OCP crystals and HAp-nanofibers precipitated in the micro-TCP substrate, whereas only HAp-nanofibers were observed in the nano-TCP substrate. These findings will facilitate the structural design of OCP-coating layers on a β-TCP scaffold.
Implantation of octacalcium phosphate collagen composites (OCP/Col) after extraction of canine deciduous teeth achieved undisturbed permanent tooth eruption
2016, Archives of Oral Biology
Citation Excerpt :
OCP/Col significantly increases bone regeneration more than the implantation of OCP alone, β-TCP collagen composite (β-TCP/Col), or sintered HA collagen composite (HA/Col) without cell transplantation and exogenous osteogenic cytokines, if implanted into a critical-sized calvarial defect rat model (Kamakura et al., 2007a, 2006). Moreover, OCP/Col has been employed in various canine bone defect models including critical sized defect (Iibuchi et al., 2010; Kawai et al., 2011; Matsui et al., 2010; Tanuma et al., 2013) and human bone defects in clinical trial (Kawai et al., 2014), and its efficacy for bone regeneration has been confirmed. It was previously reported that eighty percent of HA implanted mandibles showed delay in tooth eruption concurrent with distortion in crown development, upon implantation into the extraction cavity of deciduous teeth in felines (Feinberg, Weisbrode, & Heintschel, 1989).
Composite of synthetic octacalcium phosphate and collagen (OCP/Col) enhances bone regeneration if implanted into human, canine, or rodent bone defects. This study was designed to investigate the influence on eruption of the permanent successor tooth and alveolar height of OCP/Col implantation into extraction cavities of deciduous teeth.
Disks of OCP/Col prepared from synthetic granules of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and porcine atelocollagen, and commercially available sintered porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was implanted into the prepared defect of eleven male beagle dogs by extraction of two deciduous premolars. Untreated group had nothing implanted into the prepared defect, and physiological group (Physiol group) was observed without any treatment. Periodical macroscopic and radiographic examinations were performed until the period equivalent to the physiological eruption of permanent successor teeth (P3 and P4).
Although no unerupted permanent successor teeth were observed among the OCP/Col, Untreated, and Physiol groups, two permanent successor teeth were unerupted in the β-TCP group. No significant difference of the alveolar heights or the eruptive position in P3 and P4 was observed between OCP/Col and Physiol groups.
OCP/Col implantation in the alveolar region that included the unerupted permanent successor teeth would cause no disturbance of permanent tooth eruption and preserve the alveolar ridge.
Effect of collagen denaturation degree on mechanical properties and biological activity of nanofibrous scaffolds
2024, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A
Ridge preservation using octacalcium phosphate collagen to induce new bone containing a vascular network of mainly Type H vessels
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: Supported in part by Grants-in-Aid (20300165, 21592568, and 19390490) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan and the Hiromi Medical Research Foundation. O. Suzuki and S. Kamakura have applied for a patent of OCP/Col in Japan.

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Oral and maxillofacial surgeryComparison of bone regeneration between octacalcium phosphate/collagen composite and β-tricalcium phosphate in canine calvarial defect

Objective

Study Design

Results

Conclusions

Section snippets

Animals

Preparation of OCP, OCP/Col, and β-TCP

Macroscopic and radiographic view of the implants

Macroscopic analysis

Discussion

Biomaterials

Biomaterials

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg

Biomaterials

Prog Cryst Growth Character Mat

Biomaterials

Craniofacial tissue engineering

Crit Rev Oral Biol Med

Properties of osteoconductive biomaterials: calcium phosphates

Clin Orthop Relat Res

Nonallograft osteoconductive bone graft substitutes

Clin Orthop Relat Res

Influence of octacalcium phosphate coating on osteoinductive properties of biomaterials

J Mater Sci Mater Med

Crystallographic and chemical relations between octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite

Nature

Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Comparison of bone regeneration between octacalcium phosphate/collagen composite and β-tricalcium phosphate in canine calvarial defect