Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy, Childhood, and Adolescence
Section snippets
Management of type 1 diabetes during pregnancy
Most women who have diabetes who become pregnant will require the services of a perinatologist, an obstetrician, a registered dietician, a certified diabetes educator, and an endocrinologist who specializes in diabetic pregnancies. Patients who have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who become pregnant have a number of perinatal, labor and delivery, and postpartum challenges that can be successfully managed by the specialty team.
Insulin requirements change throughout pregnancy. During the first
Type 2 diabetes
No longer considered to be a condition of primarily adult onset, T2DM has become increasingly common among children aged 6 to 11 years and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. Although there has been no definitive large-scale reporting of incidence within these age groups, a recent epidemiological review has led to the suggestion that as many as 8% to 45% of new-onset pediatric diabetes cases in the United States may be type 2 [48]. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 206,000
Summary
Primary care physicians are likely to become involved with the management of many types of patients who have diabetes, including children and adolescents. Although specialty consultation is necessary for these young patients, the primary care physician often provides a strong cornerstone of therapy, revolving around complication surveillance, disease prevention (especially in patients who have GDM following the completion of their pregnancy), motivation toward making healthy lifestyle choices,
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