ReviewNuclear EGFR as a molecular target in cancer
Section snippets
The role of nuclear EGFR in resistance to cancer therapeutics
Intrinsic and acquired tumor cell resistance to both conventional and targeted cancer therapies remains one of the largest obstacles to overcome clinically. While nuclear EGFR is observed in cells of high proliferative origin, numerous reports describe increased nuclear localization of EGFR in models of cancer resistance to different therapeutic regimes [28], [29], [37], [38], [39]. These studies identified that nuclear EGFR could enhance resistance by influencing DNA damage repair, DNA
Future prospective of the nuclear RTK field
From the identification of nuclear localized EGFR in highly proliferative tissues to the uncovering of its vibrant roles in enhancing tumorigenic processes, the field of nuclear HER family receptors has blossomed over the past ten years. Even with the exposé of over 50 articles citing the presence and/or functions of nuclear EGFR in cancer, this field is still in its infancy. Studies have yet to show that nuclear EGFR functions as a true oncogene separate from its membrane-localized
Cell lines
The human HNSCC cell lines SCC1, SCC6, and SCC1483 were kindly supplied by Dr. T. Carey (University of Michigan, MI, USA) [75]. The human breast cancer cell lines SKBr3, MDAMB468, and SUM229 were kindly supplied by Dr. J. Boerner (Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, MI, USA) [76]. The human MCF-7 and hamster CHOK1 cells were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). All cell lines were maintained in their respective media with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1%
Competing of interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Authors’ contributions
TMB and DLW performed the literature search and drafted the manuscript. TMB and MI performed all experimentation depicted in this manuscript. All authors provided critical review of the manuscript and approved the final draft.
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