Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex disorder recognized clinically by the findings of abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, elevated blood pressure, high blood glucose and/or insulin resistance. It is associated with a pro-thrombotic and a pro-inflammatory state. A growing body of evidence suggests that individuals in the community with moderate airflow limitation may have co-existing systemic inflammation with this background. Therefore, we examined a population of 237 patients with metabolic disorder for the concomitant presence of functional pulmonary involvement, as assessed by FEV1 and FVC impairment. Criteria for the identification of the MS included 3 or more of the following: waist circumference: (>102 cm in men, >88 cm in women), triglycerides levels (≥150 mg/dl), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (<40 mg/dl in men, <50 mg/dl in women), blood pressure (≥135/≥85 mm Hg), and fasting glucose levels (>100 mg/dl). 119 subjects were diagnosed MS. Non-smokers patients suffering from MS presented lower spirometric values, with a trend to ventilatory restrictive more than obstructive pattern. Also in smokers patients with MS there was a trend to harmonic decrease in FEV1 and FVC but not in FEV1/FVC ratio, although the changes did not reach statistical significance. Mainly abdominal circumference, and also insulin resistance were retained as independent predictors of both FEV1 and FVC changes. However, HDL-C was the strongest predictor of FEV1 and FVC changes, with an inverse association.
