Oral and maxillofacial radiology
Effective dosages for recording Veraviewepocs dental panoramic images: analog film, digital, and panoramic scout for CBCT

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Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effective doses from analog film, panoramic digital, and panoramic scout for cone-beam computerized tomography (CT).

Study design

Three different types of Veraviewepocs machines were investigated: Veraviewepocs Conventional, Veraviewepocs Digital, and Veraviewepocs 3D (Morita, Kyoto, Japan). Organ absorbed doses were measured using an anthropomorphic phantom loaded with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD 100H) at 16 sites located in sensitive organs. The resulting effective organ doses (μSv) were compared by descriptive statistics.

Results

The highest value (5.2 μSv) was for Veraviewepocs Conventional. The Veraviewepocs Digital (2.7 μSv) and Veraviewepocs 3D (2.95 μSv) presented low effective doses in the same range.

Conclusions

The panoramic digital system delivered the least radiation dose. The use of the panoramic scout for cone-beam CT was marginally higher in dose than its 2D counterpart.

Section snippets

Dosimetry

Dose measurements were carried out on an anthropomorphic phantom which was specially designed for dosimetry studies in dental radiography. The phantom was developed and built at the University of Göttingen (Germany)35 by means of a CT scan of a male adult. The computer data were transfered to a model made from material equivalent to human tissue. The phantom material for the spongiosa was produced by melting polyethylene with calcium hydroxyapatite. Compact bone and teeth were simulated by

Results

The averaged organ absorbed doses are presented in Table III. The mean value was obtained from nine measurements for each technique and each site (3 dosimeters in each site × 3 times performed). The mean organ absorbed doses ranged from 2.46 to 308.17 μGy for Verav-Conventional, from 1.17 to 175 μGy for Verav-Digital, and from 3.38 to 292.18 μGy for Verav-CBCT. The lowest organ dose was received by the nasion skin, during the Verav-Digital examination (1.17 μGy). The highest organ dose was

Discussion

Since the introduction of panoramic radiography, there have been considerable developments concerning its technical properties as well as dose reduction. One of the largest dose-reduction improvements has been faster screen/film combinations and the use of digital systems.

The ICRP recommends the calculation of E to estimate the effects of radiation on an exposed population. The calculation includes not only measurements of the site but also the type, quantity, sensitivity, and carcinogenic

Conclusion

Of the 3 types of Veravierepocs machines tested, the panoramic digital delivered the least radiation dosage. Use of the panoramic scout for CBCT provided a slightly higher but similar dose.

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