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A comparison of the frequencies of risk factors for depression in older black and white participants in a study of indicated prevention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2010

Roy Sriwattanakomen ,
Jesse McPherron ,
Jamie Chatman ,
Jennifer Q. Morse ,
Lynn M. Martire ,
Jordan F. Karp ,
Patricia R. Houck ,
Salem Bensasi ,
Jill Houle  and
Jacqueline A. Stack
...Show all authors
Roy Sriwattanakomen
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Jesse McPherron
Affiliation:
University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, Department of Psychology, Tuscaloosa, AL, U.S.A.
Jamie Chatman
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Jennifer Q. Morse
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Lynn M. Martire
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Jordan F. Karp
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Patricia R. Houck
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Salem Bensasi
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Jill Houle
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Jacqueline A. Stack
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Mattie Woods
Affiliation:
Center for Healthy Hearts and Souls, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Bruce Block
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Stephen B. Thomas
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Sandra Quinn
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
Charles F. Reynolds III*
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Charles F. Reynolds III, M.D.; Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O'Hara Street; Pittsburgh, PA 15213, U.S.A. Phone: +1 412-246-6414; Fax: +1 412-246-5300. Email: reynoldscf@upmc.edu.
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Abstract

Background: To compare the frequencies of risk factors, we describe risks for depression as a function of race among consecutively admitted participants in a randomized clinical trial of indicated depression prevention in later life.

Methods: Seventy-two black and 143 white participants were screened for risk factors for depression.

Results: Black participants were more likely to have fewer years of education and lower household income. They were more likely to be obese, live alone, experience functional disability, have a history of alcohol and drug abuse, and have lower scores on the Mini-mental State Examination and the Executive Interview (EXIT). White participants were not found to have greater prevalence or higher mean score on any risk factor. On average, black participants experienced approximately one more risk factor than white participants (t(213) = 3.32, p = 0.0011).

Conclusions: In our sample, black participants had higher frequencies of eight risk factors for depression and a greater mean number of risk factors compared to white participants.

Keywords

indicated preventiondepressionsubsyndromalminorityrisk factors
Type
Focus on prevention in psychogeriatrics
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 22 , Special Issue 8: Focus on prevention in psychogeriatrics , December 2010 , pp. 1240 - 1247
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2010

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