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Primary immunodeficiencies associated with DNA-repair disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 March 2010

Mary A. Slatter  and
Andrew R. Gennery
Mary A. Slatter
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Immunology, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Andrew R. Gennery*
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Immunology, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Institute of Cellular Medicine, Child Health, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
*
*Corresponding Author: Andrew R. Gennery, Department of Paediatric Immunology, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 6BE, UK. E-mail: a.r.gennery@ncl.ac.uk
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Abstract

DNA-repair pathways recognise and repair DNA damaged by exogenous and endogenous agents to maintain genomic integrity. Defects in these pathways lead to replication errors, loss or rearrangement of genomic material and eventually cell death or carcinogenesis. The creation of diverse lymphocyte receptors to identify potential pathogens requires breaking and randomly resorting gene segments encoding antigen receptors. Subsequent repair of the gene segments utilises ubiquitous DNA-repair proteins. Individuals with defective repair pathways are found to be immunodeficient and many are radiosensitive. The role of repair proteins in the development of adaptive immunity by VDJ recombination, antibody isotype class switching and affinity maturation by somatic hypermutation has become clearer over the past few years, partly because of identification of the genes involved in human disease. We describe the mechanisms involved in the development of adaptive immunity relating to DNA repair, and the clinical consequences and treatment of the primary immunodeficiency resulting from such defects.

Type
Review Article
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 12 , January 2010 , e9
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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References

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Further reading, resources and contacts

The primary immunodeficiency association website can be found at:

http://www.pia.org.ukGoogle Scholar
http://www.atsociety.org.ukGoogle Scholar
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omimGoogle Scholar
http://www.pia.org.ukGoogle Scholar
http://www.atsociety.org.ukGoogle Scholar
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omimGoogle Scholar