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Originalarbeit

Ärztliche Kurzberatung zur Tabakentwöhnung – Ergebnisse der DEBRA Studie

Published Online:January 31, 2019https://doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000574

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Zielsetzung: Klinische Leitlinien empfehlen ärztliche Kurzberatung zur Tabakentwöhnung routinemäßig anzubieten. Repräsentative Daten zur Umsetzung in Deutschland und zu Assoziationen mit Soziodemographie und Rauchverhalten von Raucher/innen sollen erhoben werden. Methoden: Die Deutsche Befragung zum Rauchverhalten (DEBRA) erhebt zweimonatlich Daten in repräsentativen Bevölkerungsstichproben (je ~2.000 Personen, ≥14 Jahre) zu Tabak- und E-Zigarettenkonsum. In den ersten fünf Wellen seit Juni 2016 (10.225 Befragte) wurden Raucher/innen zu dem Erhalt von Rauchstoppberatung während des letzten Besuchs bei einer Hausärztin/einem Hausarzt (A) oder einer Ärztin/einem Arzt anderer Fachrichtung (B) befragt. Assoziationen mit Soziodemographie und Rauchverhalten wurden analysiert. Ergebnisse: Nach eigener Aussage von 2.910 Raucher/innen, hatten 72,8 % (95 %KI=71–74 %) eine Ärztin/einen Arzt des Fachgebiets A und/oder B konsultiert. Davon hatten 80,7 % (95 %KI=79–82 %) keine Rauchstoppempfehlung erhalten. 3,6 % (95 %KI=3–5 %) hatten ein evidenzbasiertes Therapieangebot bekommen. Starker Zigarettenkonsum und steigendes Alter waren mit dem Erhalt der Kurzberatung assoziiert (P<0,001), aber Bildung und Einkommen nicht. Es gab kaum Unterschiede zwischen Fachrichtung A und B. Schlussfolgerung: Der Erhalt leitliniengerechter ärztlicher Kurzberatung zur Tabakentwöhnung wird von Raucher/innen in Deutschland selten berichtet. Dringender Handlungsbedarf zur verbesserten Umsetzung der Leitlinienempfehlung besteht.


Brief physician advice for smoking cssation: Results of the DEBRA study

Abstract.Aims: Clinical guidelines recommend to routinely offer brief physician advice on smoking cessation. Representative data on the implementation of this recommendation in Germany and on associations with sociodemographic data or smoking behaviour of smokers will be collected. Methods: The German Study on Tobacco Use (DEBRA) collects data on tobacco and e-cigarette consumption in representative samples of the population every other month (~2,000 persons, ≥14 years). During the first five study waves since June 2016 (10,225 respondents), smokers were asked about the receipt of brief physician advice to quit smoking at their last visit with a general practitioner (A) or a different specialist (B). Associations with sociodemographic data and smoking behaviour were analysed. Results: According to own reports of 2,910 smokers, 72.8 % (95 %CI= 71–74 %) had visited a physician of specialisation A and/or B during the previous year. Of these, 80.7 % (95 %CI= 79–82 %) had not received advice to quit, 3.6 % (95 %CI= 3–5 %) had been offered an evidence-based cessation method. Heavy cigarette consumption and increasing age were associated with the receipt of advice (P<0.001), but not education and income. Differences between medical specialisation A and B were small. Conclusion: The receipt of brief physician advice on smoking cessation according to clinical guidelines is rarely reported by smokers in Germany. There is an urgent need for action to improve the implementation of the guideline recommendation.

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