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Originalia

Psychologische Alternsforschung: Beiträge und Perspektiven

Published Online:January 28, 2008https://doi.org/10.1026/0033-3042.59.1.2

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. In den demografischen Wandlungsprozessen unserer Gesellschaft liegen zahlreiche neue Herausforderungen und Chancen für die Psychologie. Die hierbei besonders angesprochene psychologische Alternsforschung sollte im Sinne einer bedeutsamen Querschnittsaufgabe der Psychologie begriffen werden. Einerseits nutzt die psychologische Alternsforschung neue theoretische und methodische Zugänge zur Untersuchung psychologischer Kernfragen und eröffnet neue Berufsfelder. Andererseits unterstützt sie die Vernetzung von Theorien, Methoden und Befunden aus verschiedenen psychologischen Disziplinen. Zuerst zeigen wir, wie meta-theoretische und methodische Innovationen innerhalb der psychologischen Alternsforschung in fruchtbarer Weise zur Psychologie beigetragen haben. Danach wird diese produktive Rolle der psychologischen Alternsforschung anhand des gegenwärtigen Forschungsstands in vier zentralen Themenbereichen ausdifferenziert: (1) Kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit, (2) Altern der Persönlichkeit als System von motivationalen und emotionalen Prozessen, (3) Altern in sozial-räumlichen Kontexten und (4) “Alte“ und “neue“ Entwicklungsaufgaben des Alterns. Schließlich gehen wir noch auf Anwendungsaspekte ein.


Psychological aging research: Contributions and perspectives

Abstract. The demographic changes that our society faces as part of the overall aging of the population provide the field of psychology with a number of challenges and opportunities. Psychological aging research plays an important role in responding to these challenges and opportunities. This article discusses the role of psychological aging research by demonstrating that its approaches and contributions draw upon and cut across all established domains of psychological science. On the one hand, psychological aging research utilizes new theoretical and methodological approaches for the investigation of questions that are at the core of general psychological inquiry, while also opening new avenues for the application of psychological findings in different professional arenas. On the other hand, psychological aging research is suitably positioned to facilitate tighter connections and cross-fertilizations among theories, methods, and findings from the diverse subdisciplines of psychology. First, we show how meta-theoretical and methodological innovations have contributed manner to the general field of psychology. Subsequently, the generative and innovative role of psychological aging research is further illustrated by focusing on four fundamental and well established domains of research: (1) Cognitive functioning, (2) personality, (3) aging in social and physical contexts, and (4) “old“ and “new“ developmental tasks. The article ends with a brief discussion of applied issues.

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