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Originalia

Die Erfassung von sinnbasierten Bewältigungsstrategien und Lebenseinstellungen

Published Online:August 09, 2007https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443.36.3.176

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Fragestellung: Zielsetzung ist die Übersetzung und Validierung des Life Attitude Profile-Revised (LAP-R), eines mehrdimensionalen 48-Item Instruments zur Erfassung von Sinnfindung und Lebenszielen (Reker, 1992). Methode: Der Fragebogen wurde an einer repräsentativ erhobenen Stichprobe von N = 1083 Brustkrebspatientinnen, die über das Hamburgische Krebsregister erfasst wurden, eingesetzt. Neben dem LAP-R erhielten die Patientinnen Selbstbeschreibungsinstrumente zur Erfassung der Krankheitsverarbeitung, der psychischen Belastung, der sozialen Unterstützung und der Lebensqualität. Ergebnisse: Von den postulierten sechs Faktoren konnten mittels exploratorischer Faktorenanalyse fünf Faktoren mit insgesamt 37 Items repliziert werden. Die Dimensionen sind Existenzielle Leere (Cronbachs α = .83), Kohärenz (α = .83), Akzeptanz des Todes (α = .85), Selbstwirksamkeit/Verantwortungsbereitschaft (α = .78) und Suche nach Lebenszielen (α = .80). Das Modell wurde konfirmatorisch geprüft und weist akzeptable Fit-Indizes auf. Die Skalen des LAP-R, die eine positive Lebenseinstellung widerspiegeln (Lebensziele/Bestimmung, Kohärenz, Selbstwirksamkeit/Verantwortungsbereitschaft und Akzeptanz des Todes), korrelieren negativ mit depressiver Krankheitsverarbeitung und mit psychischer Belastung. Die Skalen des LAP-R, die eine negative Lebenseinstellung (Existentielle Leere und Suche nach Lebenszielen) erfassen, korrelieren in entsprechend umgekehrter Richtung. Die Faktoren- und Itemanalysen legen die Bildung einer Kurzform bestehend aus den fünf Items mit den höchsten Ladungen pro Dimension nahe. Schlussfolgerung: Insgesamt liegt ein praktikables, reliables und valides Instrument vor, das für den weiteren Einsatz in der medizinpsychologischen und psychoonkologischen Forschung empfohlen werden kann.


Measuring meaning-based coping and life attitudes. Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Life Attitude Profile-Revised (LAP-R) in a representative sample of breast cancer patients

Abstract.Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate the German version of the Life Attitude Profile-Revised (LAP-R), a multidimensional 48-item measure of discovered meaning and purpose in life (Reker, 1992). Method: The questionnaire was tested on a representative sample of N = 1,083 breast cancer patients recruited from the Hamburg Cancer Register. Beside the LAP-R, patients were given self-report instruments to assess coping, psychological distress, social support, and quality of life. Results: Five of the original six factors were replicated by exploratory factor analysis, including a total of 37 items. The dimensions are Existential Vacuum (Cronbach’s α = .83), Coherence (α =.83), Death Acceptance (α = .85), Choice/Responsibleness (α = .78), and Goal Seeking (α = .80). The model was tested by confirmatory factor analysis, showing acceptable fit indices. Negative correlations were found with LAP dimensions reflecting a positive life attitude (Purpose, Coherence, Choice/Responsibleness, Death Acceptance) and depressive coping and psychological distress. Corresponding positive correlations were found with LAP dimensions assessing a negative life attitude (Existential Vacuum and Goal Seeking). Factor and item analyses suggest the delevopment of a shortened form comprising those five items with the highest loadings per factor. Conclusions: Overall, the German version of the LAP-R is a practical, reliable, and valid instrument that can be recommended for further use in medical psychology and psychooncological research.

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