Sir,
Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy (PEHCR) is characterized by subretinal or sub-pigment epithelial hemorrhage and exudation localized outside the macular region.1 PEHCR is thought to be a variant of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD),2 but its neovascular origin is still controversial.
Case report
In this study, our aim was to evaluate the clinical features, prognosis, and response to intravitreal bevacizumab of PEHCR.
Twenty-three eyes of 15 patients with a diagnosis of PEHCR were included. The mean age of patients was 82.4±5.8 years (range 75–95). Nine (60%) of the patients were female. PEHCR lesions were often detected in the temporal quadrants (91.3%). Most eyes (78.2%) had a subretinal or sub-RPE (retinal pigment epithelium) hemorrhage followed by subretinal fluid. The bilateral involvement ratio was 37%. After 32.6±4.8 months of follow-up, PEHCR lesions were found to be stable and/or regressed, leading to RPE atrophy or a subretinal scar formation in 11 eyes (47.8%). In nine eyes (39.1%), after two or three consecutive intravitreal injections of bevacizumab, PEHCR lesions significantly regressed, leading to atrophy, fibrosis or a subretinal scar formation (Figure 1 a–h). In three eyes (13.04%), lesions extended into the macula, despite consecutive injections, and the BCVA was decreased. The patients’ characteristics are seen in Table 1.
Comment
PEHCR is thought to be a variant of ARMD, and both share common risk factors, including age, female gender, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.3 Although there are several case reports supporting the efficacy of anti-VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) agents in PEHCR, investigations of a large series are required.2, 4 In most cases, there is a self limiting condition, but it may be vision threating because of the subretinal hemorrhage and fluid extention into the macula. In progressive cases, intravitreal bevacizumab may be an effective treatment option, but further studies are needed to prove its efficacy in PEHCR.
References
Annesley Jr WH . Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy. Trans Am Opthalmol Soc 1980; 78: 321–364.
Alforja MS, Sabater N, Giralt J, Adán A, PelegrÃn L, Casaroli-Marano R . Intravitreal bevacizumab injection for peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2011; 55 (4): 425–427.
Kim YT, Kang SW, Lee JH, Chiung SE . Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy in Korean patients. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2010; 54 (3): 227–231.
Barkmeier AJ, Kadikoy H, Holz ER, Carvounis PE . Regression of serous macular detachment due to peripheral exudativehemorrhagic chorioretinopathy following intravitreal bevacizumab. Eur J Ophthalmol 2011; 21 (4): 506–508.
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The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
This report was presented at the 12th EURETINA Congress and the XXIX Congress of the ESCRS meeting, Milan, Italy, September 2012.
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Pinarci, E., Kilic, I., Bayar, S. et al. Clinical characteristics of peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy and its response to bevacizumab therapy. Eye 27, 111–112 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2012.239
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2012.239
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