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Dietary fat intake and polymorphisms at the PPARG locus modulate BMI and type 2 diabetes risk in the D.E.S.I.R. prospective study

International Journal of Obesity volume 36, pages 218–224 (2012)Cite this article

Abstract

Context:

Fat-rich diets are involved in many disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The Pro12Ala variant of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is known to modulate body mass index (BMI) and T2D risk.

Objective:

Our aim was to study the interaction effect between PPARγ gene (PPARG) polymorphisms Pro12Ala and 1431C>T and fat intake on incident T2D and BMI in a 9-year prospective cohort drawn from the French general population, the D.E.S.I.R. (Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome) study (n=4676).

Methods:

Nutritional intake was assessed by a food frequency self-questionnaire completed by each participant. Statistical analyses included logistic regression, analysis of covariance and haplotype analysis, with adjustment for confounding variables.

Results:

A high fat consumption (the third sex-specific tertile of fat intake, as a percentage of energy intake) was associated with an increased T2D risk among ProPro and CC homozygotes (Pinteraction=0.05, odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (95% CI))=1.73 (1.19–2.52) P=0.004 and OR=1.85 (1.27–2.71) P=0.001, respectively) but not in Ala and T carriers. There was a significant interaction effect between Pro12Ala and 1431C>T on BMI (Pinteraction=0.004); Ala was associated with lower BMI in CC homozygotes and with higher BMI in T carriers while the opposite was found for ProPro. There was also an interaction effect between Pro12Ala and dietary fat intake on BMI (Pinteraction=0.02); AlaAla individuals had a higher BMI than Pro carriers among high fat consumers (27.1±1.0 versus 24.9±0.1 for AlaAla and Pro+, respectively). There was no interaction effect between the 1431C>T single-nucleotide polymorphism and fat intake on BMI.

Conclusion:

Our results indicate strong genetic and nutritional interaction effects on BMI and T2D risk at the PPARG locus in a general population.

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Acknowledgements

The D.E.S.I.R. study has been supported by INSERM contracts with CNAMTS, Lilly, Novartis Pharma and Sanofi-Aventis; by INSERM (Réseaux en Santé Publique, Interactions entre les déterminants de la santé, Cohortes Santé TGIR 2008), the Association Diabète Risque Vasculaire, the Fédération Française de Cardiologie, La Fondation de France, ALFEDIAM, CNIEL, ONIVINS, Société Francophone du Diabète, Ardix Medical, Bayer Diagnostics, Becton Dickinson, Cardionics, Merck Santé, Novo Nordisk, Pierre Fabre, Roche, Topcon.

The D.E.S.I.R. Study Group: INSERM CESP U1018: B Balkau, P Ducimetière and E Eschwège; INSERM U367: F Alhenc-Gelas; CHU D’Angers: Y Gallois and A Girault; Bichat Hospital: F Fumeron and M Marre; CHU de Rennes: F Bonnet; CNRS UMR8090, Lille: P Froguel; Centres d’Examens de Santé: Alençon, Angers, Blois, Caen, Chartres, Chateauroux, Cholet, Le Mans, Orléans and Tours; Institute de Recherche Médecine Générale: J Cogneau; General practitioners of the region; Institute inter-Regional pour la Santé: C Born, E Caces, M Cailleau, JG Moreau, O Lantieri, F Rakotozafy, J Tichet and S Vol.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INSERM, U695 (Genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes and its vascular complications), Paris, France

    A Lamri, C Abi Khalil, R Jaziri, G Velho, M Marre & F Fumeron

  2. Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 695, UFR de Médecine Site Bichat, Paris, France

    A Lamri, C Abi Khalil, R Jaziri, M Marre & F Fumeron

  3. Department of Endocrinology, AP-HP, Diabetology, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, France

    C Abi Khalil & M Marre

  4. Institut inter Régional Pour la Santé (IRSA), La Riche, France

    O Lantieri & S Vol

  5. CNRS, UMR8199, Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France

    P Froguel

  6. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK

    P Froguel

  7. INSERM, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Villejuif, France

    B Balkau

  8. University Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

    B Balkau

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  1. A Lamri
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Correspondence to F Fumeron.

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Lamri, A., Abi Khalil, C., Jaziri, R. et al. Dietary fat intake and polymorphisms at the PPARG locus modulate BMI and type 2 diabetes risk in the D.E.S.I.R. prospective study. Int J Obes 36, 218–224 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2011.91

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2011.91

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