Elsevier

Kidney International

Volume 75, Issue 12, 2 June 2009, Pages 1272-1277
Kidney International

Review
Renal sodium–glucose transport: role in diabetes mellitus and potential clinical implications

https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.2009.87Get rights and content
Under an Elsevier user license
open archive

The kidneys play a major role in the regulation of glucose in humans, reabsorbing 99% of the plasma glucose that filters through the renal glomeruli tubules. The glucose transporter, SGLT2, which is found primarily in the S1 segment of the proximal renal tubule, is essential to this process, accounting for 90% of the glucose reabsorption in the kidney. Evidence has suggested that selective inhibition of SGLT2 induces glucosuria in a dose-dependent manner and may have beneficial effects on glucose regulation in individuals with type II diabetes. Preclinical data with SGLT2 inhibitors, such as dapagliflozin and sergliflozin, show that these compounds are highly selective inhibitors for SGLT2, have beneficial effects on the glucose utilization rate, and reduce hyperglycemia while having no hypoglycemic adverse effects. Clinical research remains to be carried out on the long-term effects of glucosuria and other potential effects of this class of drug. Nonetheless, these compounds represent a very promising approach for the treatment of diabetes.

KEYWORDS

diabetes
glucose
glycosuria
hyperglycemia
kidney
transport

Cited by (0)