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Gut microbiome as a clinical tool in gastrointestinal disease management: are we there yet?

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology volume 14, pages 315–320 (2017)Cite this article

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Abstract

Spurred on by ever-evolving developments in analytical methodology, the microbiome, and the gut microbiome in particular, has become the hot topic in biomedical research. Ingenious experiments in animal models have revealed the extent to which the gut microbiota sustains health and how its disruption might contribute to disease pathogenesis. Not surprisingly, associations between the microbiota and disease states in humans have been the subject of considerable interest and many links proposed. However, with rare exceptions, the incrimination of an altered microbiota in disease pathogenesis seems premature at this time given our incomplete understanding of the composition of the gut microbiota in health and the effect of many confounding factors in the interpretation of supposedly abnormal microbial signatures. Future studies must account for these variables and the bidirectionality of host–microorganism interactions in health and disease. In this Perspectives, the status of microbiota signatures in the clinical arena (for facilitating diagnosis or refining prognosis) will be critically assessed and guidance toward future progress provided.

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Figure 1: Factors that can influence the composition and function of the human gut microbiota.
Figure 2: The microbiome–gut–brain axis.
Figure 3: The 'leaky gut' hypothesis.

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  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, David M and Lynda K Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, SM 1001, Houston, 770030, Texas, USA

    Eamonn M. M. Quigley

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Quigley, E. Gut microbiome as a clinical tool in gastrointestinal disease management: are we there yet?. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 14, 315–320 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2017.29

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