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SV40 large T antigen targets multiple cellular pathways to elicit cellular transformation

Oncogene volume 24, pages 7729–7745 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

DNA tumor viruses such as simian virus 40 (SV40) express dominant acting oncoproteins that exert their effects by associating with key cellular targets and altering the signaling pathways they govern. Thus, tumor viruses have proved to be invaluable aids in identifying proteins that participate in tumorigenesis, and in understanding the molecular basis for the transformed phenotype. The roles played by the SV40-encoded 708 amino-acid large T antigen (T antigen), and 174 amino acid small T antigen (t antigen), in transformation have been examined extensively. These studies have firmly established that large T antigen's inhibition of the p53 and Rb-family of tumor suppressors and small T antigen's action on the pp2A phosphatase, are important for SV40-induced transformation. It is not yet clear if the Rb, p53 and pp2A proteins are the only targets through which SV40 transforms cells, or whether additional targets await discovery. Finally, expression of SV40 oncoproteins in transgenic mice results in effects ranging from hyperplasia to invasive carcinoma accompanied by metastasis, depending on the tissue in which they are expressed. Thus, the consequences of SV40 action on these targets depend on the cell type being studied. The identification of additional cellular targets important for transformation, and understanding the molecular basis for the cell type-specific action of the viral T antigens are two important areas through which SV40 will continue to contribute to our understanding of cancer.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Grants CA40586 and CA098956 to JMP. The authors thank the members of the Pipas Lab for their helpful comments.

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  1. Deepika Ahuja and M Teresa Sáenz-Robles: These two authors contributed equally to this work

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    Deepika Ahuja, M Teresa Sáenz-Robles & James M Pipas

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Ahuja, D., Sáenz-Robles, M. & Pipas, J. SV40 large T antigen targets multiple cellular pathways to elicit cellular transformation. Oncogene 24, 7729–7745 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209046

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