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Phospho-regulation of human protein kinase Aurora-A: analysis using anti-phospho-Thr288 monoclonal antibodies

Abstract

Mammalian Aurora-A is related to a serine/threonine protein kinase that was originally identified by its close homology with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ipl1p and Drosophila melanogaster aurora that are key regulators in the orchestration of mitotic events. The protein level of Aurora-A, its peak kinase activity during mitosis, and its activation have been attributed to phosphorylation. Here we show that this enzyme is an arginine-directed kinase and define its substrate specificity. We also found that Thr288 within the activation loop is a critical residue for activating phosphorylation events in vitro and that it is spatiotemporally restricted to a brief window at mitosis on duplicated centrosomes and on spindle microtubules proximal to the poles in vivo. Immunodepletion assays indicated that an upstream kinase(s) of Aurora-A might exist in mammalian cells in addition to autophosphorylation. Furthermore, human activated Aurora-A forms complexes with the negative regulator protein serine/threonine phosphatase type 1 (PP1) that was negatively phosphorylated on Thr320. Interestingly, phospho-specific Aurora-A monoclonal antibodies restrain Aurora-A kinase activity in vitro, providing further therapeutic avenues to explore.

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Acknowledgements

The first two authors equally contributed to this work. This work is dedicated to our late co-author and friend Mizuho Nagasawa, who passed away on April 7, 2005. We thank Larry A Feig (Tufts University, Boston) for critical reading of the manuscript, valuable suggestions, and for the anti-glu and anti-myc monoclonal antibodies, and Angus C Nairn (The Rockefeller University, New York) for anti-phospho-specific PP1α (pThr-320) polyclonal antibody. This study was supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research and the 21st Century COE Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. SO and RB were supported by the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science Research Fellowships for Young Scientists.

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Correspondence to T Urano.

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Ohashi, S., Sakashita, G., Ban, R. et al. Phospho-regulation of human protein kinase Aurora-A: analysis using anti-phospho-Thr288 monoclonal antibodies. Oncogene 25, 7691–7702 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209754

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