Basic–Alimentary TractAmelioration of dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis by anti-macrophage migration inhibitory factor antibody in mice☆,☆☆
Section snippets
Materials
The following materials were obtained from commercial sources: rabbit immunoglobulin (IgG fraction) from ICN (Aurora, OH); dextran sulfate sodium (molecular mass, 5 kilodaltons; 15%–17% sulfur content) from Wako (Osaka, Japan); GenePure from Nippon Gene (Toyama, Japan); random primer DNA labeling kit from Takara (Kyoto, Japan); 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and cocktail of protease inhibitors containing 4-(2-aminoethylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride, pepstatin A,
Time course study of circulating MIF and TNF-α levels
The plasma MIF level of the DSS-treated BALB/c mice was determined at days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 after DSS administration. The plasma MIF level before DSS treatment was 78.5 ±9.2 ng/mL and changed minimally until day 5 after DSS, but markedly increased at day 7 after DSS (141.0 ± 8.1 ng/mL) (Figure 1).
Discussion
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, representatives of IBD, are chronic inflammatory diseases; however, their precise etiologies remain to be elucidated. To investigate their pathogenic mechanisms, several experimental models of IBD have been described.41 Among these, the DSS-induced colitis model has been widely used. DSS-induced colitis in rodents has been recommended for preclinical testing for new therapeutic methods for IBD and has a number of advantages, including the ability to
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Somako Tone and Asagi Matsumura for their excellent technical assistance.
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Address requests for reprints to: Jun Nishihira, M.D., Central Research Institute, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan. e-mail: [email protected]; fax: (81) 11-706-7864.
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Supported by a Grant-in-Aid for research (no. 12213008) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.