Original InvestigationTransplantationDecreased Antibody Response to Influenza Vaccination in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Section snippets
Study Design
The Institutional Review Board of Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC; Nashville, TN) approved this project, and informed consent was obtained from all study participants. We conducted a prospective cohort study of kidney transplant recipients and healthy controls at VUMC to compare antibody response to the trivalent inactivated intramuscularly administered influenza vaccine in kidney transplant recipients administered a tacrolimus-based immunosuppression regimen with that of healthy
Baseline Characteristics
A total of 107 healthy control individuals and 59 kidney transplant recipients were enrolled in the study during October and November 2006; of these, 106 control and 53 transplant recipient participants completed the second follow-up visit (99% and 90%, respectively; Fig 1). No difference in the ages of the 2 groups was seen (control mean age, 41.0 ± 12 years; transplant recipient mean age, 44.0 ± 10.3 years). Other demographics varied, with more women in the healthy control group and more
Discussion
In this prospective cohort study, we show that the proportion of participants developing a 4-fold increase in titer or a postvaccination titer greater than 1:32 to the 2006-2007 inactivated influenza vaccine was decreased in kidney transplant recipients compared with healthy controls. Although the overall difference was statistically significant for only the A/H3N2 type, participants less than 6 months posttransplantation had significantly decreased antibody responses for all 3 influenza types
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the physicians staff, and patients of the Vanderbilt Medical Center Kidney/Pancreas Transplant Center for their participation and assistance in this study.
Support: Supported in part by Vanderbilt CTSA Grant 1 UL1 RR024975 from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIH/NRSA Training Grant 5 T32 DK007569-17; and K24 DK62849 from the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
Financial Disclosure: None.
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Originally published online as doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.09.023 on January 30, 2009.