Original InvestigationCognitive Function and Kidney Disease: Baseline Data From the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT)
Section snippets
Study Population
A multicenter randomized trial, SPRINT (ClinicalTrials.gov study number NCT01206062) compared 2 strategies for treating systolic blood pressure: one targeted the standard goal of <140 mm Hg, and the other, a more intensive target of <120 mm Hg. Enrollment focused on volunteers 50 years or older with an average baseline systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg and evidence of cardiovascular disease, CKD, 10-year Framingham cardiovascular disease risk score ≥ 15%, or age 75 years or older. Major exclusion
Participant Characteristics
Among 2,921 SPRINT participants receiving the extended cognitive battery, 214 were missing key data, including urine ACR (n=152), eGFR (n=22), or sufficient cognitive testing (n=64), with 26 of these individuals missing more than 1 of these items, resulting in 2,707 participants with complete essential data. Participants with missing data were similar to those with complete data except for slightly lower educational achievement. Mean baseline eGFR was 70.8 ± 20.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, and median baseline
Discussion
Among SPRINT-MIND participants, higher urine albumin concentration was independently associated with worse cognitive functioning in multiple domains, including global cognitive function, executive function, and attention, whereas lower eGFR was independently associated with worse global function and memory. The magnitude of association between urine ACR and cognitive performance was notable, with each doubling of urine ACR akin to the effect of being 6 to 14 months older for most cognitive
Acknowledgements
Support: SPRINT is funded with federal funds from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), including the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the National Institute on Aging, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, under contract numbers HHSN268200900040C, HHSN268200900046C, HHSN268200900047C, HHSN268200900048C, HHSN268200900049C, and Inter-Agency Agreement Number A-HL-13-002-001. It was
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In line with AJKD’s procedures for potential conflicts of interest for editors, described in the Information for Authors & Journal policies, an Editorial Board Member (Morgan E. Grams, MD, PhD, MHS) served as Acting Editor-in-Chief and handled the peer-review and decision-making processes.
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A list of the members of the SPRINT Study Research Group is available at https://www.sprinttrial.org/public/SPRINT_Publications_Acknowledgement_Long_List.pdf