Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery
Original ArticlesBiomechanical comparison of hamstring and patellar tendon graft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques: The impact of fixation level and fixation method under cyclic loading*
Section snippets
Methods
In this study, 40 human cadaveric knees were used that were an average age of 39 years (range, 18 to 56 years). Human semitendinosus, gracilis, and patellar tendons were harvested and immediately stored at −20°C. All knees and ligaments were thawed at room temperature 24 hours before use and kept moist with saline irrigation during preparation and mechanical testing. Knees with severe degenerative changes or trauma were excluded from the experiments. All soft-tissue structures except the ACL
Results
The data for 1 specimen in the HSTBio group were lost due to technical difficulties. Therefore, the number of specimens in this group was reduced to 7 while all the remaining groups consisted of 8 specimens. There was no statistical difference in age distribution between the groups.
The number of specimens in the HSTBio group decreased during the cyclic loading to 4 and 3 at the loading cycles up to 300 N and 400 N, respectively, because of prior failure. The number of specimens in the HSTRCI
Discussion
Hamstring and patellar tendons have become the most popular replacement grafts for ACL reconstructions. However, the ideal technique for graft fixation remains controversial, especially with hamstring tendons. This study was conducted to determine the impact of level and method of fixation on the mechanical properties of 4 hamstring reconstruction techniques and compare them with a standard patellar-tendon graft reconstruction at the time of implantation. The biomechanical properties of ACL
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgment: We thank Mrs. G. Heymann for her invaluable help with the illustrations used in this study and Dr. Maria Apreleva for her technical assistance in the software development.
References (46)
- et al.
The use of hamstring tendons for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Technique and results
Clin Sports Med
(1993) - et al.
Biomechanical comparison between BioScrew and titanium alloy interference screws for bone–patellar tendon–bone graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Arthroscopy
(1997) - et al.
Hamstring tendon fixation using interference screws: a biomechanical study in calf tibial bone
Arthroscopy
(1998) - et al.
All-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using semitendinosus tendon and soft threaded biodegradable interference screw fixation
Arthroscopy
(1997) - et al.
EndoButton button endoscopic fixation technique in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Arthroscopy
(1995) - et al.
The effect of anterior cruciate ligament graft fixation site at the tibia on knee stability: Evaluation using a robotic testing system
Arthroscopy
(1997) - et al.
Quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis autograft fixation in the femoral tunnel: A comparison between a metal and a bioabsorbable interference screw
Arthroscopy
(1998) - et al.
Structural properties of sutures used in anchoring multistranded hamstrings in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a biomechanical study
Arthroscopy
(1999) - et al.
Resulting tensile forces in the human bone–patellar tendon–bone graft: Direct force measurement in vitro
Arthroscopy
(1999) The mechanics of the knee joint in relation to normal walking
J Biomech
(1970)
The EndoPearl device increases fixation strength and eliminates construct slippage of hamstring tendon grafts with interference screw fixation
Arthroscopy
The incidence of knee ligament injuries in the general population
Am J Knee Surg
Factors affecting donor-site morbidity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc
Graft site morbidity with autogenous semitendinosus and gracilis tendons
Am J Sports Med
Assessment of morbidity of semitendinosus and gracilis tendon harvest for ACL reconstruction
Am J Knee Surg
Arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. A comparison of patellar tendon autograft and four-strand hamstring tendon autograft
Am J Sports Med
ACL reconstruction: semitendinosus tendon is the graft of choice
Orthopedics
Hamstring tendon grafts for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament: Biomechanical evaluation of the use of multiple strands and tensioning techniques
J Bone Joint Surg Am
A biomechanical analysis of matched bone-patellar tendon-bone and double-looped semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafts
Am J Sports Med
In vivo tensile behavior of a four-bundle hamstring graft as a replacement for the anterior cruciate ligament
J Orthop Res
Determination of the in-situ forces and force distribution within the human anterior cruciate ligament
Ann Biomed Eng
An analysis of autograft fixation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a rabbit model
Am J Sports Med
Analysis of a semitendinosus autograft in a rabbit model
Am J Sports Med
Cited by (0)
- *
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Andreas Weiler, M.D., Unfall- & Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]