Variations in Innervation of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus Muscle
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Cited by (29)
Challenges in evaluating forearm muscle activity based on the compound muscle action potential of the flexors of the whole forearm
2023, Clinical Neurophysiology PracticeSafe Approach for Flexor Digitorum Profundus I and II Using the Palmaris Longus Tendon
2022, Archives of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationCitation Excerpt :In these cases, FDP I needle EMG examination may be more important and helpful for diagnosing proximal median neuropathy or AIN injury. Furthermore, several anatomic and physiological studies have reported that the FDP is incompletely subdivided.9,14 Reilly and Schieber15 investigated the functional organization of the FDP muscle by recording its EMG activity as normal participants performed individuated flexion of each digit.
Low Median Nerve Transfers (Opponensplasty)
2016, Hand ClinicsCitation Excerpt :An absolute contraindication for this technique is high median nerve lesion, as all FDS musculature is devoid of innervation. Combined median/ulnar nerve lesions preclude the use of the ring finger FDS; however, the middle finger FDS can typically be used in this scenario, provided the middle finger flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) is not also ulnar nerve innervated only, which occurs in 5% of patients.18 The FDS is harvested through an incision typically overlying the A1 pulley of the ring (or middle) finger.
High Median Nerve Injuries
2016, Hand ClinicsCitation Excerpt :Separate branches of the median nerve in the proximal forearm innervate the pronator teres, the flexor digitorum superficialis, the flexor carpi radialis, and the palmaris longus (if present). An anatomic study by Bhadra and colleagues10 showed dual innervation of the long finger FDP by the anterior interosseous nerve and ulnar nerves in 75% of specimens, and 5% of specimens solely had ulnar innervation. Proximal to the wrist, the palmar cutaneous branch arborizes before the median nerve continues through the carpal tunnel to provide terminal innervation to the index and middle lumbricals, and the thenar muscles, as well as supplying sensation to the radial 3.5 digits.
Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome
2001, Journal of the American Society for Surgery of the HandCitation Excerpt :Deep flexors to the ring and middle fingers receive variable contributions from the AIN and ulnar nerve. Recently, Bhadra and coworkers17 performed cadaver dissections confirming this: in only 5% of forearms did the AIN supply the deep flexor to the index finger alone. In 75% of forearms, the AIN supplied the index and middle fingers, and the ulnar nerve supplied the deep flexors to the small, ring, and middle fingers.