Reliable, valide und ökonomische Erfassung früher Traumatisierung: Erste psychometrische Charakterisierung der deutschen Version des Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE)

 

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Zusammenfassung

Für den deutschsprachigen Raum stehen derzeit nur wenige gut evaluierte Instrumente zur Erfas-sung traumatischer Ereignisse in der Kindheit und Jugend zur Verfügung. Die wohl breiteste internationale Verwendung hat der „Childhood Trauma Questionnaire” (CTQ), der mittels 28 Items verschiedene Bereiche frühen Missbrauchs und Vernachlässigung erfasst. Mit 10 Items deutlich kürzer ist der „Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire” (ACE). Zudem ist auch das dichotome Antwortformat im Vergleich zur 5-stufigen Lickert Skala des CTQ einfacher. Untersucht wurden 102 Patienten einer psychosomatischen Klinik, 99 Studenten und 100 Kontrollprobanden aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Es zeigte sich eine zufriedenstellende interne Konsistenz des ACE sowie hohe Korrelationen mit dem CTQ. Die Zusammenhänge mit Fragebögen zu Depression, Angst und körperlichen Beschwerden waren deutlich geringer ausgeprägt. Die deutsche Version des ACE stellt somit ein reliables, valides und ökonomisches Screeninginstrument zur retrospektiven Erfassung von belastenden Erfahrungen in Kindheit und Jugend dar.

Abstract

There are only few questionnaires for the retrospective assessment of traumatic experiences during childhood and adolescence. The “Childhood Trauma Questionnaire” (CTQ) is one of the most widely used scales. The CTQ includes 28 items covering several domains of early abuse and neglect on a 5-point Likert scale. The “Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire” (ACE) consists of only 10 items. In this study we investigated 102 psychosomatic inpatients as well as 99 students and 100 adults from the general population. The internal consistency of the ACE was satisfying. Furthermore, we found high correlations with the CTQ, while the associations between depression, anxiety and bodily symptoms and ACE scores were low to moderate. In sum, the ACE is a reliable, valid and economic screen for the retrospective assessment of adverse childhood experiences.

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1 Anhang

Auszüge der ACE Items und Itemcharakteristik

Korrespondenzadresse

Dr. Katja Wingenfeld

Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf

Psychosomatische Medizin

und Psychotherapie

Martinistraße 52

20246 Hamburg

Email: k.wingenfeld@uke.uni-hamburg.de

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