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Int J Sports Med 2011; 32(2): 100-108
DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1268503
Physiology & Biochemistry

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effect of High-Impact Aerobics and Strength Training on BMD in Young Women Aged 20–35 Years

M. T. C. Liang1 , W. Braun2 , S. L. Bassin3 , D. Dutto4 , A. Pontello5 , N. D. Wong6 , T. W. Spalding7 , S. B. Arnaud8
  • 1California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Kinesiology and Health Promotion, Pomona, United States
  • 2Shippensburg University, Exercise Science, Shippensburg, United States
  • 3University of California Irvine, Cardiology, Irvine, United States
  • 4Eastern Oregon University, Physical Activity and Health, La Grande, United States
  • 5University of California, Irvine, General Clinical Research Center, Irvine, United States
  • 6University of California, Irvine, Cardiology, Irvine, United States
  • 7Cal Poly Pomona, KHP, Pomona, United States
  • 8NASA Ames Research Center, Life Science, Moffett Field, United States
Further Information

Publication History

accepted after revision October 12, 2010

Publication Date:
16 December 2010 (online)

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Abstract

To evaluate the effects of a 12-month exercise intervention using either high-impact step aerobic exercise or moderate-intensity strength training on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) we studied 51 untrained women, aged 20–35 years, for this study. Whole body and heel and wrist aBMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic or PIXI Lunar). Subjects were randomly assigned to: impact-loaded step aerobic exercise (SA, n=15), moderate-intensity lower body strength training (ST, n=16) or non-exercise control (CON, n=20). Data analysis only included those who completed 95% of each training routine and attended at least 80% of all sessions. Group differences in aBMD, leg press strength and urinary cross-link deoxypridinoline (μDPD) were analysed using analysis of variance. After a 12-month intervention, the SA elicited an increase in aBMD of the heel (4.4%, p<0.05) and leg press strength (15%, p<0.05), relative to baseline. Meanwhile, the ST showed an increase in leg press strength (48%, p<0.05) with no significant increase in aBMD at any measured site. Similar and unchanged μDPD was observed in all 3 groups at baseline, 6 and 12 months. In conclusion, a 12-month high-impact step aerobic exercise resulted in a significant increase in the heel aBMD in untrained young women, who complied with the exercise regimen. A moderate intensity strength training intervention of similar duration had no effect on aBMD although leg strength increased significantly.

Key words

heel and wrist BMD - leg press strength - femoral neck BMD - cross-link deoxypridinoline - young women - untrained

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Correspondence

Dr. Michael T. C. Liang

California State Polytechnic

University Pomona

Kinesiology and Health

Promotion

3801 W. Temple Avenue

91768 Pomona

United States

Phone: +1/909/869 2770

Fax: +1/909/869 4749

Email: mtcliang@csupomona.edu

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