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J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2014; 75(03): 198-203
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1368145
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

The Significance of Intraoperative Electromyographic “Lateral Spread” in Predicting Outcome of Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm

Kajetan von Eckardstein
1   Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
,
Charles Harper
2   Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
,
Marina Castner
3   Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
,
Michael Link
3   Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

29 June 2013

24 November 2013

Publication Date:
12 March 2014 (online)

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Abstract

Objectives During microvascular decompression (MVD) of the facial nerve for hemifacial spasm (HFS), an abnormal muscle response can be recorded upon stimulation of the facial nerve, also known as the lateral spread response. This response may vanish after MVD and has been associated with a successful outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine if resolution of lateral spread correlated with the elimination of HFS in a single surgeon's experience.

Design and Setting (1) Retrospective analysis of 38 patients undergoing MVD with intraoperative electromyography for HFS. (2) Meta-analysis of studies from the literature.

Main Outcome Measure Presence or absence of HFS and any complications.

Results Lateral spread response was seen in 36 patients; 20 patients had full resolution. Of these, 15 patients became HFS free, and 5 five patients still had some degree of HFS. Sixteen patients had a persistent lateral spread response despite a technically successful MVD; 11 of these became spasm free, and 5 still suffered from some degree of facial twitching. Analyzing 16 studies reporting a total of 1301 patients, a significant correlation (p < 0.0001) between response cessation and resolution of HFS was found.

Conclusion The role of monitoring lateral spread response as a predictor for clinical outcome is limited.

Keywords

hemifacial spasm - intraoperative monitoring - microvascular decompression - lateral spread response
 

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