Skip to main content
Log in

Structural Violence, Poverty and the AIDS Pandemic

  • Dialogue
  • Published:
Development Aims and scope

Abstract

Joia S. Mukherjee addresses the linkage between poverty, gender inequality and HIV risk; the worsening of poverty due to the HIV pandemic; and the lack of access to active antiretroviral therapy for the poor. She argues structural violence is connected with a large variety of factors including economic privation, gender inequality, lack of opportunity for education and work, and migration for work increases both the risk of contracting HIV and makes prevention strategies less actionable. Without funding to address economic and educational opportunities, the epidemic can only continue.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AIDS Weekly Plus (1999) ‘Anti-AIDS Program to be Expanded Throughout Cambodia’, 10 March.

  • Amnesty International (2000) Sierra Leone. Rape and Other Forms of Sexual Violence Against Girls and Women, London, UK: Amnesty International.

  • Amnesty International (2004) ‘Rwanda: “Marked for Death”, Rape Survivors Living with HIV/AIDS in Rwanda’, available online.

  • Bennell, Paul, Nicola Swainson and Karin Hyde (2002) The Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic on the Education Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Synthesis of Findings and Recommendations of Three Country Studies, Brighton: University of Sussex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, Jon (2003) ‘Two Hard-Hit Countries Offer Rare Success Stories: Thailand and Cambodia’, Science 301 (5640): 1658–1662.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, Jon (2004) ‘Sonagachi Sex Workers Stymie HIV’, Science 304 (5670): 23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crossette, Barbara (1995) ‘UN Fields Odd Allies as it Wages AIDS Battle’, New York Times, 3 December A4.

  • De Zoysa, Isabelle, Michael D. Sweat and Julie A. Denison (1996) ‘Faithful but Fearful: Reducing HIV transmission in stable relationships’, AIDS 10 (A): S197–S203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donovan, Paula (2002) ‘Rape and HIV/AIDS in Rwanda’, Lancet 360 (S1): S17–S18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dzisah Melvis (1999) ‘Cote d’Ivoire: AIDS is the Main Cause of Death Among Teachers’, Inter Press Service, 22 January, available online.

  • FAO (2001) Rural Women Carry Family Burdens. Focus, AIDS – A Threat to Rural Africa, Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

  • Galtung, Johan (1969) ‘Violence, Peace and Peace Research’, Journal of Peace Research 6 (3): 167–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • General Accounting Office (2001) UN Faces Challenges in Responding to the Impact of HIV/AIDS on Peacekeeping Operations, Washington, DC: General Accounting Office.

  • Glynn, Judith R., Michel Caraël, Jane Chege, Bertran Auvert, Maina Kahindo, Rosemary Musonda, Fad Kaona and Anne Buv (2001) ‘Why Do Young Women Have a Much Higher Prevalence of HIV Than Young Men? A Study in Kisumu, Keynya and Ndola, Zambia’, AIDS 15(Suppl 4): S51–S60.

  • Hanenberg, Robert and Wiwat Rojanapithayakorn (1996) ‘Prevention as Policy: How Thailand reduced STD and HIV transmission’, Aidscaptions 3 (1): 24–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Human Rights Watch (2004) ‘Struggling to Survive: Barriers to Justice for Rape Victims in Rwanda’, Human Rights Watch 16 (10)(A) New York.

  • International Labour Organization (2004) Facts on Women at Work, p. 1, Geneva: International Labor Organization, available online.

  • Kawachi, Ichiro and Bruno P. Kennedy (1997) ‘Health and Social Cohesion: Why care about income inequality?’ British Medical Journal 314: 1037.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, Robert J., Ronald H. Gray, Nelson K. Sewankambo, David Serwadda, Fred Wabwire-Mangen, Tom Lutalo and Maria J. Wawer (2003) ‘Age Differences in Sexual Partners and Risk of HIV-1 Infection in Rural Uganda’, Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 32: 446–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piot, Peter (1999) ‘HIV/AIDS and Violence Against Women’, Presented at the Panel on Women and Health 43rd Session, New York, 3 March, United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, available online.

  • van der Straten, Ariane, Rachel King, Olga Grinstead, Antoine Serufilira and Susan Allen (1995) ‘Couple Communication, Sexual Coercion and HIV Risk in Kigali, Rwanda’, AIDS 9(8): 935–944.

  • World Health Organization (2004a) Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS, Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, Geneva: World Health Organization.

  • World Health Organization (2004b) Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, AIDS Epidemic Update: December, Geneva: World Health Organization.

Download references

Authors

Additional information

Addresses the linkage between poverty, gender inequality and HIV risk

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mukherjee, J. Structural Violence, Poverty and the AIDS Pandemic. Development 50, 115–121 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1100376

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1100376

Keywords

Navigation