SCIENTIFIC ARTICLESEffects of Erbium, Chromium:YSGG Laser Irradiation on Root Canal Walls: A Scanning Electron Microscopic and Thermographic Study
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MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty extracted, single-rooted human teeth with straight canals were examined. All tooth crowns were cut at the cementoenamel junction. The root canals were cleansed and instrumented with up to a #80 K-file at a working distance of 1 mm from the apical foramen by a step-back method with irrigation of 5% NaOCl and 3% H2O2, and with a final flush using 14% EDTA.
An Er, Cr:YSGG laser with a flexible fiber of 750-μm diameter tip (Millennium, Biolase Technology, Inc., San Clemente, CA) was used. This
RESULTS
Fig 1, Fig 2 are stereoscopic images of the specimens of groups 1 and 2, respectively. Carbonization and cracks appeared in all irradiated areas of the specimens from group 1 that were irradiated at more than 2 W. In particular the intensity of the carbonization and cracks was greater when the specimens were irradiated at more than 4 W (Fig. 1). However, carbonization and cracks appeared only in some areas of the specimens that were irradiated at 1 W. Little carbonization and no cracks were
DISCUSSION
Preliminary investigation of the utility of the Er, Cr:YSGG laser has revealed that this system has potential applications in soft tissue surgery, implant placement, and cavity preparation (11), but there have been no reports concerning applications in endodontics. The dental mineral has a strong absorption maximum near the 2.8 μm wavelength due to the hydroxyl ion symmetric stretch and a broad absorption band due to interstitial water centered at the 3 μm wavelength. Er,Cr:YSGG laser emission
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