Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
New ResearchNational Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A): I. Background and Measures
Section snippets
Method
As previously noted, the NCS-A used a modification of the CIDI administered to adults in the NCS-R. That version includes assessments of four broad classes of DSM-IV disorders: anxiety disorders (e.g., panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, phobias, posttraumatic stress disorder, separation anxiety disorder), mood disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, bipolar disorder), behavior disorders (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder,
Results
The NCS-A provides an opportunity to obtain nationally representative data on a broad range of risk and protective factors for adolescent mental disorders. A multiconstruct, multi-informant (adolescent, parent), and murtimethod (interview, questionnaire, and biological samples) battery was developed for this purpose. The research teams from Harvard, Yale, and McMaster worked collaboratively to develop this battery using a four-step process that included review of the literature on risk and
Discussion
This article has presented an overview of the goals and measures of the NCS-A. Several methodological compromises were made in carrying out the NCS-A as a result of the fact that the study was developed as a post hoc supplement to the previously funded NCS-R with a tight and fixed budget and a mandate to interview at least 10,000 respondents. First, we were unable to include children younger than 12 years in the sample. This means that nationally representative data on the prevalence and
References (120)
- et al.
A longitudinal analysis of selected risk factors for childhood psychopathology
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(1989) - et al.
Rates of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders among adolescents in a large metropolitan area
J Psychiatr Res
(2007) - et al.
The NIMH Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders (MECA) Study: background and methodology
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(1996) - et al.
10-year research update review: the epidemiology of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: I. Methods and public health burden
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(2005) - et al.
Mental health service use in the community and schools: results from the four-community MECA Study. Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders Study
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(1996) - et al.
The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version 2.3 (DISC-2.3): description, acceptability, prevalence rates, and performance in the MECA Study. Methods for the Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders Study
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(1996) - et al.
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: U.S. normative data and psychometric properties
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(2005) - et al.
NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(2000) - et al.
The National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A): II. Overview and design
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(2009) - et al.
The National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A): III. Concordance of DSM-IV/CIDI Diagnoses with Clinical Reassessments
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
(2009)
The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Biol Psychiatry
The 16-Item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), clinician rating (QIDS-C), and self-report (QIDS-SR): a psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic major depression
Biol Psychiatry
Clinical practice guidelines
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Outcome, prognosis, and risk in a longitudinal follow-up study
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Development of adolescent self-report measures from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
J Adolesc Health
Prevalence and impact of parent reported disabling mental health conditions among U.S. children
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Vulnerability factors among children at risk for anxiety disorders
Biol Psychiatry
Family and psychosocial risk factors in a longitudinal epidemiological study of adolescents
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Adverse life events and psychopathology and prosocial behavior in late adolescence: testing the timing, specificity, accumulation, gradient, and moderation of contextual risk
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Clinical and health services relationships between major depression, depressive symptoms, and general medical illness
Biol Psychiatry
Anxiety disorders and comorbid medical illness
Gen Hosp Psychiatry
The epidemiology of chronic fatigue, physical illness, and symptoms of common mental disorders: a cross-sectional survey from the second British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity
J Psychosom Res
The Collaborative Perinatal Project: lessons and legacy
Ann Epidemiol
Psychological comorbidity and stress reactivity in children and adolescents with recurrent abdominal pain and anxiety disorders
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Determinants of salivary Cortisol levels in 10–12 year old children; a population-based study of individual differences
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Affective disorder in the parents of a clinic sample of children with anxiety disorders
J Affect Disord
Major depressive disorder in adolescents: family psychiatric history predicts severe behavioral disinhibition
J Affect Disord
Research on Children and Adolescents With Mental, Behavioral and Developmental Disorders
U.S. Surgeon General's report on Mental Health
Achieving the Promise: Transforming Mental Health Care in America
Childhood and adolescent predictors of major depression in the transition to adulthood
Am J Psychiatry
The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth. Goals, design, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders
Arch Gen Psychiatry
Adolescent psychopathology: I. Prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSM-III-R disorders in high school students
J Abnorm Psychol
The DSM-IV rates of child and adolescent disorders in Puerto Rico: prevalence, correlates, service use, and the effects of impairment
Arch Gen Psychiatry
Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence
Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service
Am Psychol
The child and adolescent mental health crisis: closing the service gap
Imprint
The epidemiology of child and adolescent mental disorders
Charting the Mental Health Status and Service Needs of Children: Recommendations from the UNOCCAP Oversight Board
Psychiatric disorder, impairment, and service use in rural African American and white youth
Arch Gen Psychiatry
Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to screen for child psychiatric disorders in a community sample
Int Rev Psychiatry
Racial and ethnic differences in ADHD and LD in young school-age children: parental reports in the National Health Interview Survey
Public Health Rep
The National Center for Health Statistics
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Prevalence, recognition, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a national sample of US children
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R): background and aims
Int J Methods Psychiatr Res
The World Mental Health (WMH) survey initiative version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)
Int J Methods Psychiatr Res
Pretesting survey instruments: an overview of cognitive methods
Qual Life Res
Cited by (253)
Associations of externalizing polygenic scores with externalizing disorders among Mexican youth
2024, Journal of Psychiatric ResearchGenetic and brain similarity independently predict childhood anthropometrics and neighborhood socioeconomic conditions
2024, Developmental Cognitive NeuroscienceDay-to-day variation in adolescent food insecurity
2023, Children and Youth Services ReviewEffects of prenatal cannabis exposure on developmental trajectory of cognitive ability and brain volumes in the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study
2023, Developmental Cognitive NeuroscienceConstruction of a computerized adaptive test (CAT-CCNB) for efficient neurocognitive and clinical psychopathology assessment
2023, Journal of Neuroscience Methods
The National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A) is supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; Grant U01-MH60220) with supplemental support from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Grant 044780), and the John W. Alden Trust. The work of Dr. Merikangas and her staff on the NCS-A is supported by the NIMH Intramural Research Program, whereas the work of Dr. Zaslavsky and his staff on the validity of the NCS-A measures is supported by NIMH Grant R01-MH66627. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views of any of the sponsoring organizations, agencies, or U.S. Government. A complete list of NCS-A publications can be found at http://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs.
The NCS-A is performed in conjunction with the World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative. The authors thank the staff of the WMH Data Collection and Data Analysis Coordination Centers for assistance with instrumentation, fieldwork, and consultation on data analysis. The WMH Data Coordination Centers have received support from NIMH (R01-MH070884, R13-MH066849, R01-MH069864, and R01-MH077883), National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01-DA016558), the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health (FIRCA R03-TW006481), the John D. and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation, the Pfizer Foundation, and the Pan American Health Organization. The WMH Data Coordination Centers have also received unrestricted educational grants from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Ortho-McNeil, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, and Wyeth. A complete list of WMH publications can be found at http://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/wmh/.
The authors thank Steven Heeringa, Ph.D., and Alan Zaslavsky, Ph.D., for statistical expertise.
This article is the subject of an editorial by Dr. Peter Szatmari in this issue.