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Volume 62, Issue 10

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests: challenges and prospects Open Access

Abstract

In the last decade, there has been an upsurge of interest in developing malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits for the detection of species. Three antigens – histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2), plasmodial aldolase and plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) – are currently used for RDTs. Tests targeting HRP2 contribute to more than 90 % of the malaria RDTs in current use. However, the specificities, sensitivities, numbers of false positives, numbers of false negatives and temperature tolerances of these tests vary considerably, illustrating the difficulties and challenges facing current RDTs. This paper describes recent developments in malaria RDTs, reviewing RDTs detecting HRP2, pLDH and plasmodial aldolase. The difficulties associated with RDTs, such as genetic variability in the gene and the persistence of antigens in the bloodstream following the elimination of parasites, are discussed. The prospect of overcoming the problems associated with current RDTs with a new generation of alternative malaria antigen targets is also described.

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© 2013 SGM
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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2013-10-01
2024-04-16
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Malaria rapid diagnostic tests: challenges and prospects
J. Med. Microbiol. 62, 1491 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.052506-0
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