Elsevier

HPB

Volume 11, Issue 1, February 2009, Pages 50-56
HPB

Original Articles
Non-operative management of blunt liver trauma: feasible and safe also in centres with a low trauma incidence

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-2574.2008.00010.xGet rights and content
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Abstract

Background and Aims

Non-operative management (NOM) of blunt liver trauma is currently, if possible, the preferred treatment of choice. The present study evaluates the experience of blunt liver injury in adults in a Swedish university hospital.

Material and Methods

Forty-six patients with blunt liver trauma were treated from January 1994 through to December 2004. Patient charts were reviewed retrospectively to examine injury severity score (ISS), liver injury grade, diagnostics, treatment and outcome.

Results

Thirty-five patients (76%) were initially treated non-operatively and 11 (24%) patients had immediate surgery. In four (11%) patients, NOM failed and the patients required surgery 8–72 h after admission. Patients failing non-operative care had a significantly lower systolic blood pressure on admission as compared with patients with successful NOM (P= 0.001). Patients immediately operated upon had higher ISS (P < 0.001) and were haemodynamically unstable to a greater extent (P < 0.001) as compared with patients initially considered for NOM. Operated patients had increased transfusion requirements (P < 0.001), longer total hospital stay (P= 0.011) and stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) unit (P < 0.001) as compared with NOM. One immediately operated and one failed NOM died (total mortality 4%). Seventeen patients in the NOM group were successfully treated without surgery despite the presence of at least one described risk factor.

Conclusions

Most patients with blunt liver trauma can be treated without surgery, and non-operative management may be performed even in the presence of established risk factors.

Keywords

blunt liver trauma
injury severity score
non-operative management
outcome
treatment failure

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