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AP endonuclease 1 as a key enzyme in repair of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites

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Abstract

Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is one of the key participants in the DNA base excision repair system. APE1 hydrolyzes DNA adjacent to the 5′-end of an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site to produce a nick with a 3′-hydroxyl group and a 5′-deoxyribose phosphate moiety. APE1 exhibits 3′-phosphodiesterase, 3′-5′-exonuclease, and 3-phosphatase activities. APE1 was also identified as a redox factor (Ref-1). In this review, data on the role of APE1 in the DNA repair process and in other metabolic processes occurring in cells are analyzed as well as the interaction of this enzyme with DNA and other proteins participating in the repair system.

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Abbreviations

AP-DNA:

DNA containing AP site

APE1:

apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1

AP site:

apurinic/apyrimidinic site

BER:

base excision repair

bp:

base pairs

dRP:

deoxyribose phosphate

F (tetrahydrofuran):

3′-hydroxy2′-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran

FAM:

fluorescein

FEN1:

flap endonuclease 1

nt:

nucleotide

NER:

nucleotide excision repair

NTH1:

homolog 1 of endonuclease III

OGG1:

8oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase

8-oxoG:

7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine

PARP1:

poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1

PCNA:

proliferating cell nuclear antigen

pF:

5′-tetrahydrofuran phosphate

PNK:

polynucleotide kinase-phosphatase

Pol β:

DNA polymerase β

3′-PUA:

3′-α,β-4-hydroxypenten-2-al

Tdp1:

tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1

XRCC1:

human X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    N. S. Dyrkheeva, N. A. Lebedeva & O. I. Lavrik

  2. Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    N. A. Lebedeva & O. I. Lavrik

  3. Altai State University, 656049, Barnaul, Russia

    O. I. Lavrik

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  1. N. S. Dyrkheeva
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  2. N. A. Lebedeva
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  3. O. I. Lavrik
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Original Russian Text © N. S. Dyrkheeva, N. A. Lebedeva, O. I. Lavrik, 2016, published in Biokhimiya, 2016, Vol. 81, No. 9, pp. 1198-1216.

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Dyrkheeva, N.S., Lebedeva, N.A. & Lavrik, O.I. AP endonuclease 1 as a key enzyme in repair of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites. Biochemistry Moscow 81, 951–967 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297916090042

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297916090042

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