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Original Research

Open Access

Temporomandibular Disorder Pain Is Related to the General Disposition to be Anxious

  • Daniel R. Reissmann1,2,*,
  • Mike T. John2,3
  • Hartwig Seedorf1
  • Stephan Doering4
  • Oliver Schierz5

1Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

2Division of TMD and Orofacial Pain, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

3Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

4Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

5Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

DOI: 10.11607/ofph.1277 Vol.28,Issue 4,December 2014 pp.322-330

Published: 30 December 2014

*Corresponding Author(s): Daniel R. Reissmann E-mail: d.reissmann@uke.de

Abstract

Aims: To assess whether trait anxiety as a person’s general disposition to be anxious is a risk factor for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain. Methods: A total of 320 adult TMD patients with at least one pain-related TMD diagnosis according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) were included in the study. Subjects from the general population without pain-related TMD were used as controls (n = 888). All study participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The association between the level of trait anxiety (STAI-Trait scores) and case-control status (patients diagnosed with pain-related TMD and controls) was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. Results: The level of trait anxiety was associated with the subject status (case vs control). A one-point increase in STAI-Trait sum scores (range: 20 to 80) was related to an increase of the odds for pain-related TMD by the factor 1.04 (CI: 1.02–1.05; P < .001). Severe trait anxiety (above the 90th percentile of general-population subjects) doubled the odds (OR: 2.05; CI: 1.42–2.98; P < .001). Analyses adjusted for age, gender, and level of education did not change the results. Conclusion: Trait anxiety is significantly associated with diagnoses of TMD pain.

Keywords

pain; risk factor; temporomandibular disorders; trait anxiety

Cite and Share

Daniel R. Reissmann,Mike T. John,Hartwig Seedorf,Stephan Doering,Oliver Schierz. Temporomandibular Disorder Pain Is Related to the General Disposition to be Anxious. Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache. 2014. 28(4);322-330.

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