Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of 3 progestin treatment regimens in the management of simple endometrial hyperplasia without cytological atypia in premenopausal women.
Study Design
Prospective randomized comparative study. The study included 90 premenopausal women with histological diagnosis of simple endometrial hyperplasia (EH) without atypia, during the period from January 2010 to March 2012, at TAIBA Hospital in Kuwait. Patients were randomly allocated to 3 groups of 30 patients each receiving medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 10 mg/d; group I), norethisterone (NET, 15 mg/d; group II) for 10 days per cycle, or insertion of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS; group III). Patients were reevaluated after 3 months of treatment. Patients with regression and persistence were offered the same medication they were using for another 3 months. The primary outcome of the study was the proportion of patients requiring further treatment for another 3 months.
Results
Patients in the LNG-IUS group showed the highest resolution rate (66.67%). Patients in MPA group had a resolution rate of 36.66% where the resolution rate was 40% in patients of NET group. The patients having LNG-IUS showed a regression rate of 33.3%, whereas patients receiving MPA and NET showed a regression rate of 60% and 56.67%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the 3 groups regarding the proportion of patients requiring further treatment for another 3 months (χ2 = 6.501; P = .0387).
Conclusion
The LNG-IUS appears to represent an effective superior convenient treatment option for simple EH without atypia.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hannemann MM, Alexander MH, Cope JN, Acheson N, Phillips A. Endometrial hyperplasia: a clinician’s review. Obstet Gynecol Reprod Med. 2010;20(4):116–120.
Montgomery BE, Daum GS, Dunton CJ. Endometrial hyperplasia: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2004;59(5):368–378.
Amezcua CA, Lu JJ, Felix JC, Stanczyk FZ, Zheng W. Apoptosis may be an early event of progestin therapy for endometrial hyperplasia. Gynecol Oncol. 2000;79(2):169–176.
Brache V, Faundes A, Alvarez F, Cochon L. Nonmenstrual adverse events during use of implantable contraceptives for women: data from clinical trials. Contraception. 2002;65(1):63–74.
Rattanachaiyanont M, Angsuwathana S, Techatrisak K, Tanmahasamut P, Indhavivadhana S, Leerasiri P. Clinical and pathological responses of progestin therapy for non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia: a prospective study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2005; 31(2):98–106.
Hurskainen R, Teperi J, Rissanen P, et al. Clinical outcomes and costs with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or hysterectomy for treatment of menorrhagia: randomized trial 5-year follow-up. JAMA. 2004;291(12):1456–1463.
Nilsson CG, Haukkamaa M, Vierola H, Luukkainen T. Tissue concentrations of levonorgestrel in women using a levonorgestrel-releasing IUD. Clin Endocrinol. 1982;17(6):529–536.
Espindola D, Kennedy KA, Fischer EG. Management of abnormal uterine bleeding and the pathology of endometrial hyperplasia. Obstet Gynecol Clins N Am. 2007;34(4):717–737.
Wheeler DT, Bristow RE, Kurman RJ. Histologic alterations in endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated carcinoma treated with progestins. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31(7):988–998.
Ørbo A, Arnes M, Hancke C, Vereide AB, Pettersen I, Larsen K. Treatment results of endometrial hyperplasia after prospective D-score classification: a follow-up study comparing effect of LNG-IUD and oral progestins versus observation only. Gynecol Oncol. 2008;111(1):68–73.
Vereide AB, Arnes M, Straume B, Maltau JM, Orbo A. Nuclear morphometric changes and therapy monitoring in patients with endometrial hyperplasia: a study comparing effects of intrauterine levonorgestrel and systemic medroxyprogesterone. Gynecol Oncol. 2003;91(3):526–533.
Ozdegirmenci O, Kayikcioglu F, Bozkurt U, Akgul MA, Haberal A. Comparison of the efficacy of three progestins in the treatment of simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2011;72(1):10–14.
Bese T, Vural A, Ozturk M, et al. The effect of long-term use of progesterone therapy on proliferation and apoptosis in simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006;16(2):809–813.
Ferenczy A, Gelfand M. The biologic significance of cytologic atypia in progestogen-treated endometrial hyperplasia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;160(1):126–131.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ismail, M.T., Fahmy, D.M. & Elshmaa, N.S. Efficacy of Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System Versus Oral Progestins in Treatment of Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia Without Atypia. Reprod. Sci. 20, 45–50 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1177/1933719112459243
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1933719112459243