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Bisphenol A Concentrates Preferentially in Human Uterine Leiomyoma and Induces Proliferation in Rat Myometrium

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Abstract

Objectives

To measure tissue levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in uterine leiomyoma (ULM), adjacent myometrium (Myo-F), and normal myometrium (Myo-N). Also, we tested the effect of BPA treatment on rat myometrium.

Methods

Uterine leiomyomas and Myo-F tissues were isolated from hysterectomy specimens done to treat symptomatic ULMs (N = 30). Normal myometrium is isolated from hysterectomies done on ULM-free uteri for other benign indications (N = 25). Bisphenol A was measured in 1 g of tissue using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography, with fluorescence detectors. Experimentally, adult female rats were fed BPA orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg/d for 90 days. Animals were killed, and their myometrial thickness and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining were evaluated.

Results

Tissue concentration of BPA in each of ULM (12.3 ± 2.8 µg/g) and Myo-F (10.1 ± 0.2 µg/g) was significantly higher than that of Myo-N (0.58 ± 0.2 µg/g). There was no statistically significant difference in BPA level between ULM and Myo-F within submucous or interstitial/subserous fibroid groups. Compared to control rats, BPA-treated animals showed significantly higher myometrial thickness (168.67 ± 5.7 µm and 281.6 ± 20.32 µm, respectively, P = .003) and increased myometrial PCNA immunoscores (1.5 ± 0.37 and 10.38 ± 0.67, respectively, P ≤ .001).

Conclusion

Bisphenol A concentrates in human ULM tissue and its adjacent Myo-F compared to Myo-N. No significant difference is detected in BPA content of ULM tissue of different subtypes. Bisphenol A increases thickness and induces cellular proliferation in rat myometrium. Taken together, our results support a role of BPA in ULM development/growth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assiut University, Women’s Health Hospital, Assiut University Campus, 71111, Assiut, Egypt

    Essam R. Othman MD

  2. Center of Excellence of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine CESCRM, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

    Essam R. Othman MD

  3. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

    Dina M. M. Al-Adly MSc, Nagwa Ghandour PhD & Sawsan El-Sharkawy PhD

  4. Department of Histology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

    Dalia A. Elgamal PhD

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  1. Essam R. Othman MD
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  2. Dina M. M. Al-Adly MSc
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  3. Dalia A. Elgamal PhD
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  5. Sawsan El-Sharkawy PhD
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Correspondence to Essam R. Othman MD.

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Othman, E.R., Al-Adly, D.M.M., Elgamal, D.A. et al. Bisphenol A Concentrates Preferentially in Human Uterine Leiomyoma and Induces Proliferation in Rat Myometrium. Reprod. Sci. 23, 508–514 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1177/1933719115608001

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