Background
Methods
Study population
Physiological evaluation and blood collection
Coronary angiography
Biochemical assay
Measurements of TGF-β1 and Smad3 levels
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Variables | CAD | Control | p |
---|---|---|---|
Sex (M/F) | 168/111 | 180/88 | 0.0913 |
Age (years) | 69.30 ± 0.7049 | 63.73 ±0.6952 | < 0.0001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.18 ±0.1337 | 21.04 ±0.08991 | <0.0001 |
Smoke (%) | 12.19 | 5.60 | 0.007 |
Hypertension (%) | 26.16 | 18.66 | 0.0355 |
DM (%) | 25.81 | 15.30 | 0.0024 |
AF (%) | 8.60 | 0 | < 0.0001 |
Stroke (%) | 7.17 | 1.12 | 0.0004 |
High TC (%) | 10.39 | 8.21 | 0.3796 |
High TG (%) | 13.62 | 7.09 | 0.0125 |
Low HDL (%) | 28.32 | 38.06 | 0.0155 |
High LDL (%) | 10.04 | 9.33 | 0.7798 |
Lp(a) (mg/l) | 265.4 ± 12.43 | 215.9 ± 11.11 | 0.0033 |
BUN (mmol/l) | 5.898 ± 0.1978 | 5.075 ± 0.1675 | 0.0016 |
SUA (μmol/l) | 340.6 ± 6.018 | 280.6 ± 6.629 | < 0.0001 |
Glu (mmol/l) | 6.549 ± 0.1418 | 6.011 ± 0.1231 | 0.0046 |
CHOL (mmol/l) | 4.785 ± 0.07130 | 4.821 ± 0.2581 | 0.8885 |
TG (mmol/l) | 1.567 ± 0.07598 | 1.341 ± 0.04895 | 0.0148 |
HDL (mmol/l) | 1.256 ± 0.0214 | 1.242 ±0.02509 | 0.6613 |
LDL (mmol/l) | 2.854 ± 0.05867 | 4.190 ± 1.467 | 0.3377 |
ApoA1 (g/l) | 1.339 ± 0.02123 | 1.262 ± 0.02484 | 0.0187 |
ApoB (g/l) | 0.9414 ± 0.01682 | 0.8810 ± 0.01690 | 0.0117 |
Variables | CAD | Control | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
AMI | SAP | UAP | ||
Sex (M/F) | 30/21 | 92/69(M/F) | 46/21(M/F) | 180/88(M/F) |
Age (years) | 67.86 ±1.823 | 69.97 ±0.8970 | 68.81 ± 1.438 | 63.73 ±0.69*** |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.72 ± 0.2705 | 23.08 ± 0.1743# | 23.78 ± 0.2934# | 21.04 ±0.089*** |
Smokers (%) | 15.69 | 11.18 | 11.94 | 5.60* |
Hypertension (%) | 31.37 | 21.12 | 10.35 | 18.66*** |
DM (%) | 27.45 | 27.33 | 20.90 | 15.30** |
AF (%) | 13.72 | 3.73# | 1.49# | 0*** |
Stroke (%) | 7.84 | 5.59 | 10.45 | 1.12*** |
High TC (%) | 19.61 | 8.07 | 8.96 | 8.21 |
High TG (%) | 17.68 | 11.80 | 14.92 | 7.09* |
Low HDL (%) | 15.69 | 30.43 | 32.84 | 38.06** |
High LDL (%) | 13.72 | 9.32 | 8.96 | 9.33 |
Lp(a) (mg/l) | 292.5 ± 33.46 | 244.4 ± 14.90 | 295.3 ± 27.06 | 215.9 ± 11.11** |
BUN (mmol/l) | 6.424 ± 0.5315 | 5.628 ± 0.2592 | 6.147 ± 0.3538 | 5.075 ± 0.167** |
SUA (μmol/l) | 364.4 ± 11.62 | 328.2 ± 8.385# | 352.2 ± 11.56# | 280.6 ± 6.629*** |
Glu (mmol/l) | 6.555 ± 0.3058 | 6.658 ± 0.1950 | 6.281 ± 0.2754 | 6.011 ± 0.1231* |
CHOL (mmol/l) | 5.190 ± 0.1761 | 4.695 ± 0.09342# | 4.690 ± 0.1346# | 4.821 ± 0.2581 |
TG (mmol/l) | 1.624 ± 0.1808 | 1.528 ± 0.1039 | 1.619 ± 0.1391 | 1.341 ± 0.04895 |
HDL (mmol/l) | 1.322 ± 0.04794 | 1.240 ± 0.02690 | 1.246 ± 0.04980 | 1.242 ±0.02509 |
LDL (mmol/l) | 3.134 ± 0.1226 | 2.798 ± 0.07992 | 2.773 ± 0.1157 | 4.190 ± 1.467 |
ApoA1 (g/l) | 1.449 ± 0.05356 | 1.308 ± 0.02764# | 1.329 ± 0.04026# | 1.262 ± 0.02484** |
ApoB (g/l) | 1.003 ± 0.04239 | 0.9385 ± 0.0322 | 0.9414 ± 0.0168 | 0.8810 ± 0.01690* |