Background
Methods
Inclusion criteria
Setting
Ethics
Data capture
Data synthesis and recoding
Costing methods and linkage
Variable definition and data analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Pre-hospital | Inter-hospital | |
---|---|---|
Total N
| 507 | 200 |
Age (Median, IQR; 95% CI) [N missing; %
1
]
| 32 (19, 49; 9–70) [0; 0%] | 34 (22, 54.5; 13–82) [0; 0%] |
ISS (Median, IQR; 95% CI) [N missing; %
1
]
| 12 (5, 20; 1–38) [41; 8.1%] | 21 (10, 26; 2–41) [36; 18.0%] |
LOS (Median, IQR; 95% CI) [N missing; %
1
]
| 6.5 (2, 18; 1–67) [5; 1%] | 14 (5, 26; 1–75) [1; 0%] |
Male (N; %
2
[N missing; %
1
]
| 367 (72.4%) [0; 0%] | 157 (78.9%) [1; 0.5%] |
Mechanism of Injury (N %
1
)
| ||
Animal | 25 (4.9%) | 6 (3.0%) |
Burns | 9 (1.8%) | 6 (3.0%) |
Drowning or submersion | 8 (1.6%) | 3 (1.5%) |
Fall | 80 (15.8%) | 55 (27.5%) |
Industrial accident or machinery | 8 (1.6%) | 3 (1.5%) |
Motor bike accident | 143 (28.2%) | 31 (15.5%) |
Motor vehicle accident | 148 (29.2%) | 38 (19%) |
Pedal cyclist | 10 (2.0%) | 7 (3.5%) |
Pedestrian | 23 (4.5%) | 9 (4.5%) |
Sport | 11 (2.2%) | 4 (2.0%) |
Violence | 20 (3.9%) | 26 (13.0%) |
Other | 18 (3.6%) | 12 (6.0%) |
Missing | 4 (0.8%) | 0 (0%) |
ICU (N, %
1
) [N missing; %
1
]
| 154 (30.4%) [0; 0%] | 127 (63.5%) [0; 0%] |
OR (N, %
2
[N missing; %
1
]
| 304 (63.6%) [29; 5.7%] | 119 (61.3%) [6; 3%] |
Head Injury (N %
2
) [N missing; %
1
]
| 13 (2.8%) [41; 8.1%] | 28 (17.0%) [36; 18%] |
Polytrauma (N %
1
; %
2
)
| ||
1 or 2 body regions | 256 (50.5%; 54.9%) | 77 (38.5%; 47.0%) |
>2 body regions | 210 (41.4%; 45.1%) | 87 (43.5%; 53.0%) |
Missing (N, %1) | 41 (8.1%) | 36 (18.0%) |
Died (N, %
1
) [N missing; %
1
]
| 26 (5.1%) [0; 0%] | 18 (9.0%) [0; 0%] |
Estimates of over-triage
Pre-hospital | Inter-hospital | |
---|---|---|
All patients (N missing ISS; % missing)
| 507 (41; 8.1%) | 200 (36; 18.0%) |
ISS≤12 (N; %)
1
| 238 (51.1%) | 47 (28.7%) |
ISS>12 (N; %)
1
| 228 (48.9%) | 117 (71.3%) |
Treatment costs (2009 AUD)
Pre-hospital | Inter-hospital | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Difference (%) | Total | Difference (%) | |
All patients
| ||||
Mean cost (95% CI) | $25,162 ($929 - $102,918) | $42,604 ($1,115 - $166,784) | ||
Mean peer group average cost (95% CI) | $23,318 ($1,957 - $109,832) | $2,532 (−10.1%) | $40,579 ($2,219 - $109,831) | $2,875 (−6.7%) |
Total cost | $12,329,618 | $8,265,152 | ||
Total peer group average cost | $11,169,124 | $1,197,550 (−9.7%) | $7,750,526 | $546,276 (−6.6%) |
ISS ≤12
| ||||
Mean cost (95% CI) | $8,549 ($802 - $27,716) | $18,564 ($850 - $46,592) | ||
Mean peer group average cost (95% CI) | $7,450 ($1,626 - $19,138) | $1,230 (−14.4%) | $12,683 ($1,539 - $44,490) | $5,881 (−31.7%) |
Total cost | $1,966,196 | $853,947 | ||
Total peer group average cost | $1,676,169 | $271,818 (−13.8%) | $583,435 | $270,512 (−31.7%) |
ISS >12
| ||||
Mean cost (95% CI) | $36,622 ($1,284 - $150,941) | $51,676 ($1,115 - $186,238) | ||
Mean peer group average cost (95% CI) | $36,603 ($3,827 - $109,832) | $1,316 (−3.6%) | $50,595 ($4,460 - $109,832) | $2,803 (−5.4%) |
Total cost | $8,056,861 | $5,839,397 | ||
Total peer group average cost | $7,833,132 | $278,993 (−3.5%) | $5,565,468 | $305,579 (−5.2%) |