Background
Methods
Recruitment of practices and patients
Data collection
Statistical analysis
Results
Participants’ characteristics
Socio-demographic characteristics | n (%) |
---|---|
Gender
| |
Women | 163 (47%) |
Men | 182 (53%) |
Age (median/IQR***) | 74 years (68–78) |
Education*
| |
< 10 years education | 253 (73%) |
≥ 10 years education | 92 (27%) |
Indication for oral anticoagulation according to the patient**
| |
Atrial fibrillation | 239 (70%) |
Deep vein thrombosis | 70 (21%) |
Pulmonary embolism | 35 (10%) |
Artificial heart valve | 22 (6%) |
Unknown to the patient | 16 (5%) |
Missing | 5 (1%) |
OAT related complication in history
| 29 (9%) |
Self-rated knowledge about OAT
| |
Excellent | 31 (9%) |
Good | 162 (47%) |
Moderate | 122 (36%) |
Poor | 27 (8%) |
Missing | 3 (1%) |
Afraid of complications
| 182 (54%) |
Patient knowledge
# | Correct answer | Correct n (%) | Incorrect* n (%) | Score | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Indication for OAT known | Individual | 329 (95%) | 16 (5%) | 1 |
2 | Awareness of risk treated with OAT | Individual | 278 (81%) | 67 (19%) | 1 |
3 | Duration of treatment known | Individual | 249 (72%) | 96 (28%) | 1 |
4 | Frequency of controls known | Individual | 278 (81%) | 67 (19%) | 1 |
5 | Awareness of target INR range | Individual | 158 (46%) | 187 (54%) | 1 |
6 | Need to follow a specific diet | ||||
Overall | 107 (31%) | 238 (69%) | 1 | ||
• Consuming large amounts of salad and vegetables | No | 11 (3%) | 0 | ||
• Avoid salad and vegetables | No | 57 (17%) | 0 | ||
• Regular diet of salad and vegetables | Yes | 107 (31%) | 1 | ||
• Do not know | No | 170 (49%) | 0 | ||
7 | Vitamin K content of some foods | ||||
Overall | 1 | ||||
• Cabbage | Yes | 245 (71%) | 100 (29%) | 1/8 | |
• Potatoes | No | 283 (82%) | 62 (18%) | 1/8 | |
• Apples | No | 284 (82%) | 61 (18%) | 1/8 | |
• Green salad | Yes | 155 (45%) | 190 (55%) | 1/8 | |
• Tomato extract | No | 260 (75%) | 85 (25%) | 1/8 | |
• Spinach | No | 164 (48%) | 181 (52%) | 1/8 | |
• Onion | Yes | 37 (11%) | 308 (89%) | 1/8 | |
• Zucchini | No | 268 (78%) | 77 (22%) | 1/8 | |
8 | Management of missed medication dose | n.a. | 46 (13%) | 299 (87%) | 1 |
9 | Awareness that there are no symptoms of underdosing | n.a. | 194 (56%) | 151 (44%) | 1 |
10 | Safest over the counter pain medication | ||||
Overall | 68 (20%) | 277 (80%) | 1 | ||
• Paracetamol/acetaminophen | Yes | 68 (20%) | 1 | ||
• Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) | No | 21 (6%) | |||
• Other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | No | 37 (11%) | |||
• Do not know | No | 219 (63%) | |||
11 | Interaction with OAT | ||||
Overall | 1 | ||||
• Regular exercise | No | 264 (77%) | 81 (23%) | 1/8 | |
• Gastroenteritis | Yes | 60 (17%) | 285 (83%) | 1/8 | |
• Fever | Yes | 16 (5%) | 328 (95%) | 1/8 | |
• Coffee | No | 327 (95%) | 18 (5%) | 1/8 | |
• Ginkgo biloba | Yes | 16 (5%) | 329(95%) | 1/8 | |
• Non-prescription drugs | Yes | 71 (21%) | 274 (79%) | 1/8 | |
• Moderate intake of alcohol | No | 272 (79%) | 73 (21%) | 1/8 | |
• Fasting/weight reduction diet | Yes | 48 (14%) | 297 (86%) | 1/8 | |
12 | Recognition of emergency situations | ||||
Overall | 1 | ||||
• Painful swelling with or without skin discoloration | Yes | 95 (28%) | 250 (72%) | 1/5 | |
• Sudden speech disorder | Yes | 169 (49%) | 176 (51%) | 1/5 | |
• Black stool (melaena) | Yes | 133 (39%) | 212 (61%) | 1/5 | |
• Arm weakness (also temporarily) | Yes | 85 (25%) | 260 (75%) | 1/5 | |
• Every cut or injury with bleeding | Yes | 224 (65%) | 121 (35%) | 1/5 | |
13 | Important situation to inform others about OAT | ||||
Overall | 1 | ||||
• Dental visits | Yes | 312 (90%) | 33 (10%) | 1/5 | |
• Pharmacist | Yes | 93 (27%) | 252 (73%) | 1/5 | |
• Before injections | Yes | 156 (45%) | 189 (55%) | 1/5 | |
• Any new prescription medication | Yes | 191 (55%) | 154 (45%) | 1/5 | |
• Before invasive medical procedures | Yes | 305 (88%) | 40 (12%) | 1/5 | |
Maximum score
|
13
|
Overall 13-item score and self-rated knowledge
Univariate | Multivariate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Factor | Effect (SE) | p-value | Effect (SE) | p-value |
Age (in years) | −0.054 (0.1) | <0.01 | −0.044 (0.01) | <0.001 |
Gender (women vs. men) | −0.11 (0.23) | 0.64 | 0.02 (0.23) | 0.92 |
Education | ||||
< 10 years education vs. ≥ 10 years education | −0.68 (0.27) | 0.01 | −0.74 (0.26) | 0.004 |
Self-rated knowledge | ||||
Good vs poor | 2.47 (0.40) | <0.001 | 2.29 (0.56) | <0.01 |
Excellent vs poor | 1.63 (0.42) | 1.44 (0.45) | ||
Moderate vs poor | 1.24 (0.42) | 1,06 (0.46) | ||
history of OAT related complications none vs complications | 0.04 (0.41) | 0.93 | −0.28 (0.39) | 0.47 |
Fear of bleeding | ||||
Fully agree vs disagree entirely | −0.32 (0.33) | 0.53 | −0.12 (0.32) | 0.51 |
Agree vs disagree entirely | 0.09 (0.35) | 0.28 (0.34) | ||
Do not agree vs disagree entirely | 0.026 (0.35) | −0.13 (0.32) |