Background
Methods
Isolates
Antimicrobial susceptibility methods
Beta lactamase screening
Ethical conduct of the study
Statistical analysis
Results
In vitrosusceptibility results
Drugs | % Susceptibility (Number tested) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Locally determined | Centralized | ||
Routine
|
Etest
|
Agar DM
| |
Escherichia coli
| |||
Meropenem | 100 (92) | 100 (139) | 100 (139) |
Imipenem | 100 (139) | 100 (139) | 100 (139) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 82 (139) | 89 (139) | 90 (139) |
Enterobacteriaceae (other than E coli)
| |||
Meropenem | 100 (86) | 99 (139) | 99 (139) |
Imipenem | 99 (139) | 97 (139) | 97 (139) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 78 (139) | 86 (139) | 99 (139) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| |||
Meropenem | 87 (87) | 91 (129) | 95 (129) |
Imipenem | 78 (137) | 70 (129) | 84 (129) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 88 (136) | 89 (129) | 90 (129) |
Acinetobacter
| |||
Meropenem | 88 (50) | 87 (86) | 95 (79) |
Imipenem | 94 (84) | 94 (86) | 97 (79) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 79 (82) | 80 (86) | 100* (79) |
Other non fermentative bacteria
| |||
Meropenem | 73 (33) | 89 (33) | 88 (33) |
Imipenem | 85 (41) | 87 (33) | 88 (33) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 90 (41) | 97 (33) | 90 (33) |
Staphylococcus aureus (susceptible to methicillin)
| |||
Meropenem | - | 100 (145) | 100 (145) |
Imipenem | - | 100 (145) | 100 (145) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | - | 100 (145) | 100 (145) |
Coagulase negative staphylococci (susceptible to methicillin)
| |||
Meropenem | - | 100 (129) | 100 (129) |
Imipenem | - | 100 (129) | 100 (129) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | - | 100 (129) | 100 (129) |
Streptococcus pneumoniae
| |||
Meropenem | - | 100 (136) | 100 (136) |
Imipenem | - | 100 (136) | 100 (136) |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | - | 100 (136) | 100 (136) |
Species (number tested) | MICs (mg/L) | % Susceptiblity | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Drugs | ||||
MIC50 | MIC90 | Range | EUCAST | |
Escherichia coli (139)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.016 | 0.016 | 0.016-0.032 | 100 |
Imipenem | 0.064 | 0.125 | 0.032-0.5 | 100 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 2 | 8 | 0.25-128 | 90 |
Enterobactericeae (other than E coli) (139)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.032 | 0.064 | 0.016-16 | 99 |
Imipenem | 0.125 | 1 | 0.032-16 | 98 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 2 | 16 | 0.125-128 | 90 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (129)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.5 | 4 | 0.064-16 | 84 |
Imipenem | 2 | 16 | 0.5-32 | 84 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 8 | 32 | 0.25-256 | 90 |
Acinetobacter (86)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.5 | 2 | 0.125-16 | 94 |
Imipenem | 0.5 | 1 | 0.125-8 | 98 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 0.032 | 2 | 0.032-16 | 100* |
Other non fermentative bacteria (30)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.5 | 2 | 0.03-16 | 93 |
Imipenem | 1 | 2 | 0.125-8 | 97 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 2 | 8 | 0.032-64 | 96 |
Staphylococcus aureus (susceptible to methicillin) (145)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.125 | 0.125 | 0.032-1 | 100 |
Imipenem | 0.032 | 0.064 | 0.016-0.25 | 100 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 1 | 2 | 0.064-8 | 100 |
Coagulase negative staphylococci (susceptible to methicillin) (129)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.064 | 0.125 | 0.032-0.5 | 100 |
Imipenem | 0.016 | 0.032 | 0.008-0.125 | 100 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 0.5 | 1 | 0.016-2 | 100 |
Streptococcus pneumoniae (136)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.016 | 0.25 | 0.016-0.25 | 100 |
Imipenem | 0.016 | 0.125 | 0.016-0.25 | 100 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 0.25 | 4 | 0.016-8 | 100 |
Anaerobes (138)
| ||||
Meropenem | 0.032 | 0.5 | <0.016-4 | 100 |
Imipenem | 0.064 | 0.5 | <0.016-8 | 100 |
Piperacillin/tazobactam* | 0.5 | 8 | <0.016-32 | 100 |
Gram-negative pathogens
Gram-positive pathogens
Anaerobes
Method comparison for Carbapenem MICs results
% Variations from Agar Dilution Method MIC in log2 dilutions | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Etest | VME >-2 | ME -2 | mE -1 | Same | mE +1 | ME +2 | VME >+2 | Log trend * |
Meropenem n = 923 | 7 | 9 | 78 | 367 | 306 | 132 | 24 | +0.5 |
(%) | (0.8) | (2.2) | (8.5) | (40) | (33) | (14) | (2.5) | |
Imipenem n = 923 | 5 | 12 | 37 | 210 | 312 | 273 | 74 | +1.1 |
(%) | (0.5) | (1.3) | (4) | (22.7) | (33.5) | (29.7) | (8) |