Background
Methods
Subjects
Measurement of anthropometric parameters
Genotyping
Statistical analysis
Results
All | Obese | Non-obese |
p-valuea
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 3503 | 1229 | 2274 | |
Boys (%) | 1781 (50.8) | 786 (64.0) | 995 (43.8) | < 0.001 |
Age (years) | 12.4 ± 3.1 | 11.8 ± 2.9 | 12.7 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 |
Height (cm) | 152.3 ± 15.3 | 152.8 ± 14.6 | 152.1 ± 15.7 | 0.18 |
Weight (kg) | 52.4 ± 18.6 | 63.6 ± 18.9 | 46.3 ± 15.4 | < 0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.9 ± 4.9 | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 19.4 ± 3.5 | < 0.001 |
Body mass index-standard deviation score | 1.21 ± 1.50 | 2.79 ± 1.01 | 0.35 ± 0.91 | < 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 72.4 ± 13.1 | 83.7 ± 10.9 | 66.3 ± 9.7 | < 0.001 |
Waist-to-Height Ratio | 0.47 ± 0.07 | 0.55 ± 0.05 | 0.44 ± 0.04 | < 0.001 |
Fat mass percentage (%) | 24.4 ± 8.5 | 30.9 ± 6.7 | 20.9 ± 7.3 | < 0.001 |
Birth weight (g) | 3355 ± 525 | 3423 ± 516 | 3317 ± 526 | < 0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 107.6 ± 13.9 | 114.3 ± 12.7 | 104.0 ± 13.2 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 67.8 ± 10.0 | 71.9 ± 9.2 | 65.5 ± 9.8 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mmol l-1) | 4.09 ± 0.82 | 4.09 ± 0.74 | 4.10 ± 0.87 | 0.76 |
Triglycerides (mmol l-1) | 1.03 ± 0.56 | 1.20 ± 0.63 | 0.94 ± 0.50 | < 0.001 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol l-1) | 1.40 ± 0.32 | 1.27 ± 0.26 | 1.47 ± 0.33 | < 0.001 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol l-1) | 2.55 ± 0.75 | 2.63 ± 0.66 | 2.51 ± 0.80 | < 0.001 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol l-1) | 5.09 ± 0.62 | 5.16 ± 0.48 | 5.06 ± 0.68 | < 0.001 |
Regular physical activity habitb
| 56.3 | 53.1 | 58.0 | < 0.001 |
FTO rs9939609 genotypea
| |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TT | TA | AA |
p-value for trenda
| Estimated change unit per A allele (95% CI)a
| |
All(n) | 2718 | 724 | 61 | ||
Height (cm) | 152.3 ± 0.1 | 152.3 ± 0.3 | 153.6 ± 1.0 | 0.39 | 0.24 ((-0.33)-0.81) |
Weight (kg) | 51.9 ± 0.2 | 54.0 ± 0.5 | 55.6 ± 1.7 | 3.29 × 10-5 b
| 2.01 (1.06-2.96) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.7 ± 0.1 | 22.5 ± 0.2 | 23.0 ± 0.6 | 1.39 × 10-6 b
| 0.79 (0.47-1.10) |
Body mass index-standard deviation score | 1.15 ± 0.03 | 1.40 ± 0.05 | 1.61 ± 0.19 | 3.76 × 10-6 b
| 0.25 (0.14-0.35) |
Waist circumference (cm) | 72.0 ± 0.2 | 73.7 ± 0.4 | 75.0 ± 1.4 | 2.26 × 10-5 b
| 1.73 (0.93-2.54) |
Waist-to-Height Ratio | 0.472 ± 0.001 | 0.484 ± 0.002 | 0.488 ± 0.009 | 1.94 × 10-5 b
| 0.01 (0.006-0.015) |
Fat mass percentage (%) | 24.1 ± 0.1 | 25.4 ± 0.3 | 25.6 ± 1.0 | 9.75 × 10-5 b
| 1.16 (0.57-1.74) |
Birth weight (g) | 3358 ± 11 | 3345 ± 20 | 3342 ± 70 | 0.54 | -12 ((-51)-27) |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 107.1 ± 0.2 | 109.2 ± 0.5 | 108.7 ± 1.6 | 1.41 × 10-4 b [0.14c] | 1.7 (0.8-2.6) [0.6((-0.2)-1.3)c] |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 67.6 ± 0.2 | 68.4 ± 0.3 | 69.3 ± 1.2 | 0.01b [0.63c] | 0.8 (0.2-1.5)[0.1 ((-0.5)-0.8)c] |
Total cholesterol (mmol l-1) | 4.09 ± 0.02 | 4.10 ± 0.03 | 3.99 ± 0.10 | 0.69 | -0.01 ((-0.07)-0.05) |
Triglycerides (mmol l-1) | 1.03 ± 0.01 | 1.04 ± 0.02 | 1.03 ± 0.07 | 0.67 | 0.01 ((-0.03)-0.05) |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol l-1) | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 1.38 ± 0.01 | 1.42 ± 0.04 | 0.11 | -0.02 ((-0.04)-0.01) |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol l-1) | 2.54 ± 0.01 | 2.58 ± 0.03 | 2.41 ± 0.10 | 0.83 | 0.01 ((-0.05)-0.06) |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol l-1) | 5.09 ± 0.01 | 5.10 ± 0.02 | 5.04 ± 0.08 | 0.98 | 0.001 ((-0.04)-0.04) |
Model 1a
| Model 2b
| |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Obese(n = 1229) | Non-obese(n = 2274) | OR (95% CI) |
p-value for trend | OR (95% CI) |
p-value for trend | |
FTO genotype | ||||||
TT | 915 | 1803 | 1 | 1 | ||
TA | 288 | 436 | 1.30 (1.10-1.54) | 1.31 (1.11-1.56) | ||
AA | 26 | 35 | 1.46 (0.88-2.45) | 1.09 × 10-3
| 1.46 (0.86-2.48) | 1.12 × 10-3
|
Additive model | ||||||
T | 2118 | 4042 | 1 | 1 | ||
A | 340 | 506 | 1.28 (1.11-1.49) | 9.26 × 10-4
| 1.29 (1.11-1.50) | 9.47 × 10-4
|