Background
Methods
Study design and sample
Major category | Sub-classification |
---|---|
Family problems | Parent–child relations, marital relations, relations with other family members, death in the family, pessimism over family’s future, scolding from family members, worries about parenting, abuse, exhaustion from nursing or care, others |
Health problems | Disease, depression, schizophrenia, alcohol dependence, drug abuse, other mental disorders, physical handicaps, others |
Financial problems | Bankruptcy, business slump, redundancy, failure to find employment, poverty, debts (accumulated loans), debts (joint liability), debts (others), repayment pressure from creditors, insurance paid by suicide, others |
Work problems | Failure in business, workplace relationship, unwanted transfer, work overload, others |
Love problems | Marriage problems, broken heart, worries about adultery, trouble with boyfriend or girlfriend, others |
School problems | Entrance examinations, career decisions, academic failure, relationship with teachers, bullying, relationship with schoolmates, others |
Other problems | Having ones’ crime revealed, crime victim, suicide over someone’s death, loneliness, relationship with neighbors, others |
Statistical analyses
Ethics
Results
Characteristics of subjects
Total | Males | Females | Significance | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 193) | (N = 88) | (N = 105) | |||
Age ± SD | 41.1 ± 16.3 | 42.4 ± 16.3 | 40.1 ± 16.4 | NS§
| |
Mean number of precipitating factors ± SD | 1.11 ± 0.78 | 1.20 ± 0.87 | 1.04 ± 0.69 | NS§
| |
Under psychiatric treatment | 131 | 50 | 81 |
p = 0.003¶
| χ2 = 9.070 |
Employment status
| |||||
Employed | 60 | 39 | 21 |
p = 0.000¶
| χ2 = 13.216 |
Unemployed | 97 | 39 | 58 | NS¶
| |
Housewife or house-husband | 17 | 0 | 17 |
p = 0.000¶
| χ2 = 15.624 |
Student | 19 | 10 | 9 | NS¶
| |
Methods of suicide attempt
| |||||
Drug overdose | 101 | 36 | 65 |
p = 0.004¶
| χ2 = 8.460 |
Jumping from a high place | 33 | 17 | 16 | NS¶
| |
Cutting | 16 | 10 | 6 | NS¶
| |
Poisonous gas | 15 | 13 | 2 |
p = 0.001¶
| χ2 = 11.060 |
Hanging | 11 | 7 | 4 | NS¶
| |
Poisoning | 9 | 4 | 5 | NS†
| |
Other methods | 11 | 2 | 9 | NS¶
| |
DSM-IV-TR
| |||||
Substance-induced disorders | 16 | 11 | 5 | NS¶
| |
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders | 45 | 22 | 23 | NS¶
| |
Major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder | 42 | 26 | 16 |
p = 0.016¶
| χ2 = 5.756 |
Dysthymic disorder | 26 | 7 | 19 |
p = 0.040¶
| χ2 = 4.224 |
Adjustment disorders | 27 | 13 | 14 | NS¶
| |
Personality disorders | 22 | 2 | 20 |
p = 0.000¶
| χ2 = 13.339 |
Other psychiatric disorders | 14 | 6 | 8 | NS¶
| |
None | 11 | 6 | 5 | NS¶
| |
Precipitating factors
| |||||
Family problems | 62 | 20 | 42 |
p = 0.010¶
| χ2 = 6.551 |
Parent–child relations | 14 | 2 | 12 |
p = 0.015¶
| χ2 = 5.965 |
Health problems | 8 | 7 | 1 |
p = 0.024†
| |
Financial problems | 40 | 24 | 16 |
p = 0.040¶
| χ2 = 4.220 |
Debt (others) | 4 | 4 | 0 |
p = 0.042†
| |
Work problems | 27 | 18 | 9 |
p = 0.018¶
| χ2 = 5.618 |
Unwanted transfer | 4 | 4 | 0 |
p = 0.042†
| |
Love problems | 20 | 7 | 13 | NS¶
| |
School problems | 6 | 3 | 3 | NS†
| |
Other problems | 29 | 12 | 17 | NS¶
| |
Loneliness | 12 | 2 | 10 |
p = 0.038¶
| χ2 = 4.317 |
Gender differences
Total | Under psychiatric treatment | No psychiatric treatment | Significance | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 184) | |||||
(N = 131) | (N = 62) | ||||
Methods of suicide attempt
| |||||
Drug overdose | 101 | 80* | 21 |
p = 0.000¶
| χ2 = 12.479 |
Jumping from a high place | 33 | 24 | 9 | NS¶
| |
Cutting | 16 | 7 | 9 |
p = 0.031¶
| χ2 = 4.657 |
Poisonous gas | 15 | 7 | 8 | NS†
| |
Hanging | 11 | 5 | 6 | NS†
| |
Poisoning | 9 | 3 | 6 |
p = 0.032†
| |
Other methods | 11 | 6 | 5 | NS†
|