Background
Methods
Study population
Measured BMI | Self-reported BMI | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body mass index category (kg/m2) | Body mass index category (kg/m2) | |||||||||
<18.5 | 18.5- <25 | 25- <30 | ≥30 | Missings (n) | <18.5 | 18.5- <25 | 25- <30 | ≥30 | Missings (n) | |
Participants (n) | 348 | 8647 | 5951 | 1805 | 597 | 9274 | 4050 | 906 | ||
Participants (in % of total n, by BMI assessment type) | 2.1 | 51.6 | 35.5 | 10.8 | 4.0 | 62.5 | 27.3 | 6.1 | ||
Women (%) | 87.9 | 59.7 | 38.0 | 47.3 | 91.1 | 58.8 | 35.7 | 47.7 | ||
Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 17.7 | 22.3 | 27.1 | 32.8 | 17.6 | 22.1 | 26.9 | 33.0 | ||
Mean follow-up time (years) | 23.3 | 22.3 | 20.2 | 18.8 | 16.9 | 17.1 | 16.7 | 15.9 | ||
Mean age (years) | 41.0 | 43.4 | 48.8 | 52.1 | 40.4 | 44.1 | 49.9 | 52.1 | ||
Mortality | ||||||||||
All-cause | ||||||||||
Deaths§ (n) | 57 | 1526 | 1516 | 615 | 73 | 1173 | 851 | 243 | ||
Person-years (py) | 8096 | 192739 | 120456 | 33840 | 10055 | 158996 | 67575 | 14468 | ||
Age-standardized rate (per 100000 py) | 909 | 800 | 915 | 1117 | 1059 | 799 | 924 | 1090 | ||
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) | ||||||||||
Deaths (n) | 16 | 468 | 529 | 251 | 18 | 407 | 307 | 96 | ||
Deaths (in % of all-cause deaths) | 28.1 | 30.7 | 34.9 | 40.8 | 24.7 | 34.7 | 36.1 | 39.5 | ||
Age-standardized rate (per 100000 py) | 282 | 269 | 321 | 464 | 342 | 294 | 332 | 437 | ||
Cancer | ||||||||||
Deaths (n) | 17 | 567 | 542 | 205 | 27 | 427 | 293 | 73 | ||
Deaths (in % of all-cause deaths) | 29.8 | 37.2 | 35.8 | 33.3 | 37.0 | 36.4 | 34.4 | 30.0 | ||
Age-standardized rate (per 100000 py) | 230 | 263 | 299 | 359 | 386 | 264 | 301 | 321 | ||
Respiratory diseases | ||||||||||
Deaths (n) | 3 | 91 | 77 | 28 | 2 | 69 | 49 | 20 | ||
Deaths (in % of all-cause deaths) | 5.3 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 8.2 | ||
Age-standardized rate (per 100000 py) | 54 | 51 | 48 | 52 | 29 | 50 | 50 | 90 | ||
External causes | ||||||||||
Deaths (n) | 10 | 121 | 92 | 30 | 10 | 68 | 39 | 6 | ||
Deaths (in % of all-cause deaths) | 17.5 | 7.9 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 13.7 | 5.8 | 4.6 | 2.5 | ||
Age-standardized rate (per 100000 py) | 174 | 63 | 75 | 58 | 109 | 48 | 49 | 34 | ||
Other | ||||||||||
Deaths (n) | 11 | 265 | 265 | 98 | 16 | 198 | 157 | 48 | ||
Deaths (in % of all-cause deaths) | 19.3 | 17.4 | 17.5 | 15.9 | 21.9 | 16.9 | 18.5 | 19.8 | ||
Age-standardized rate (per 100000 py) | 169 | 148 | 166 | 177 | 192 | 140 | 185 | 209 | ||
Covariates | ||||||||||
Smoking status° | 31 | 19 | ||||||||
Never smokers (%) | 54.5 | 47.7 | 45.1 | 51.7 | 46.1 | 46.6 | 40.7 | 44.5 | ||
Former smokers (%) | 9.5 | 14.5 | 20.6 | 21.2 | 13.1 | 19.4 | 25.8 | 27.1 | ||
Current light smokers (%) | 21.0 | 21.7 | 18.4 | 15.0 | 25.3 | 20.3 | 18.6 | 14.8 | ||
Current heavy smokers (%) | 15.0 | 16.1 | 15.9 | 12.1 | 15.4 | 13.7 | 14.9 | 13.6 | ||
Healthy eating* (%) | 77.3 | 71.6 | 68.7 | 66.3 | 23 | 68.3 | 67.1 | 64.9 | 65.6 | 368 |
Sport | 334 | 458 | ||||||||
Daily (%) | 6.7 | 6.3 | 5.3 | 3.2 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 7.1 | ||
Several times per week (%) | 11.1 | 17.6 | 14.8 | 8.6 | 26.1 | 30.2 | 25.5 | 20.1 | ||
Once per week (%) | 24.4 | 24.8 | 20.7 | 13.7 | 22.6 | 23.6 | 20.0 | 16.7 | ||
Less than once per week (%) | 57.9 | 51.3 | 59.2 | 74.6 | 44.6 | 39.7 | 47.8 | 56.1 | ||
Education | 29 | 185 | ||||||||
Tertiary (%) | 6.9 | 6.8 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 6.0 | 3.8 | ||
Upper secondary (%) | 15.6 | 14.1 | 9.8 | 6.6 | 13.9 | 15.0 | 14.6 | 10.8 | ||
Secondary (%) | 54.8 | 48.8 | 46.4 | 40.8 | 62.8 | 57.2 | 51.8 | 47.7 | ||
Mandatory (%) | 22.8 | 30.3 | 38.8 | 48.7 | 13.7 | 19.5 | 27.6 | 37.6 |
Record linkage procedure with SNC
Body mass index
Covariates
Outcome variables
Statistical analysis
Results
Descriptive analysis
Survival analyses
Body mass index category (kg/m2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
<18.5 | 18.5- <25 | 25- <30 | ≥30 | |
HR (95%CI) | HR | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
Pooled data | ||||
Deaths (n) | 121 | 2551 | 2209 | 813 |
Model 1 | 1.39 (1.16-1.67) | 1 | 1.04 (0.98-1.10) | 1.36 (1.26-1.48) |
Model 2 | 1.38 (1.15-1.66) | 1 | 1.04 (0.99-1.11) | 1.38 (1.28-1.50) |
Model 3 | 1.35 (1.12-1.62) | 1 | 1.03 (0.98-1.10) | 1.34 (1.24-1.45) |
Model 4 | 1.40 (1.17-1.68) | 1 | 1.03 (0.97-1.09) | 1.35 (1.25-1.47) |
Model 5 | 1.37 (1.14-1.65) | 1 | 1.02 (0.97-1.09) | 1.32 (1.22-1.43) |
Measured BMI data | ||||
Deaths (n) | 54 | 1452 | 1433 | 585 |
Model 1 | 1.16 (0.88-1.52) | 1 | 1.02 (0.95-1.10) | 1.35 (1.22-1.49) |
Model 2 | 1.16 (0.88-1.52) | 1 | 1.04 (0.96-1.12) | 1.38 (1.25-1.53) |
Model 3 | 1.15 (0.87-1.51) | 1 | 1.02 (0.95-1.10) | 1.33 (1.20-1.46) |
Model 4 | 1.17 (0.89-1.54) | 1 | 1.02 (0.95-1.10) | 1.35 (1.22-1.49) |
Model 5 | 1.16 (0.88-1.53) | 1 | 1.01 (0.94-1.09) | 1.31 (1.18-1.44) |
Self-reported BMI data | ||||
Deaths (n) | 67 | 1099 | 776 | 228 |
Model 1 | 1.64 (1.28-2.10) | 1 | 1.06 (0.96-1.16) | 1.37 (1.19-1.58) |
Model 2 | 1.61 (1.25-2.06) | 1 | 1.06 (0.97-1.17) | 1.38 (1.19-1.59) |
Model 3 | 1.56 (1.21-2.00) | 1 | 1.05 (0.96-1.16) | 1.34 (1.16-1.55) |
Model 4 | 1.65 (1.28-2.11) | 1 | 1.05 (0.95-1.15) | 1.35 (1.17-1.56) |
Model 5 | 1.59 (1.24-2.05) | 1 | 1.04 (0.95-1.15) | 1.32 (1.14-1.53) |