Background
Methods
Patients data | Mean ± SD (range) or N (%) |
---|---|
Age at the present follow-up | 70.8 ± 11.8 (35-88) |
Age at the operation | 55.3 ± 11.7 (21-70) |
Sex | |
Female | 162 (64.8%) |
Male | 88 (35.2%) |
Body mass index | 27.02 ± 4.3 (19-47.8) |
Educational level | |
Illiteracy | 17 (6.8%) |
Primary School | 87 (34.8%) |
Secondary School | 78 (31.2%) |
High School | 55 (22%) |
Graduation | 13 (5.2%) |
Cigarette smoking | |
Non-smokers | 178 (71.2%) |
Ex-smokers | 36 (14.4%) |
Regular smokers | 36 (14.4%) |
Leisure activities | |
None | 232 (92.8%) |
Sport | 14 (5.6%) |
Hobby | 18 (7.2%) |
Preoperative employment | |
Employed | 108 (43.2%) |
Retired | 32 (12.6%) |
Housewife | 110 (44.1%) |
Change of job/workload after operation | |
Yes | 45 (18%) |
No | 205 (82%) |
Change in strain at work after operation (subjects with change of postoperative employment) | |
More sedentary | 35 (77.8%) |
Not different | 10 (22.2%) |
Functional Comorbidity Index | 3.6 ± 1.9 (0-8) |
0 | 14 (5.6%) |
1 | 26 (10.4%) |
2 | 28 (11.2%) |
3 | 54 (21.6%) |
4 | 50 (20%) |
5 | 34 (13.6%) |
6 | 24 (9.6%) |
7 | 14 (5.6%) |
8 | 6 (2.4%) |
Statistical analysis
Results
General health
AGE GROUPS (years) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ 64 | 65-74 | ≥ 75 | ||||
SF-36 scale | PTS (n = 50) | CTR* | PTS (n = 82) | CTR | PTS (n = 118) | CTR |
PF | 58.4 ± 30b,c
| 87.5 | 44.1 ± 26 | 71.7 ± 24 | 37.4 ± 30 | 50.2 ± 33 |
RP | 62.0 ± 37 | 79.7 | 50.0 ± 42 | 65.9 ± 38 | 54.7 ± 43 | 52.6 ± 50 |
BP | 60.5 ± 26a,d
| 77.6 | 48.5 ± 20 | 67.6 ± 26 | 45.2 ± 19 | 53.3 ± 35 |
GH | 50.6 ± 13a,d
| 65.0 | 41.2 ± 16 | 55.4 ± 19 | 35.9 ± 16 | 43.1 ± 25 |
VT | 54.3 ± 13b
| 65.5 | 49.1 ± 16 | 59.3 ± 19 | 45.4 ± 17 | 46.7 ± 25 |
SF | 66.0 ± 24b
| 79.4 | 57.6 ± 22 | 75.8 ± 23 | 52.7 ± 24 | 63.4 ± 30 |
RE | 77.3 ± 35 | 77.0 | 65.3 ± 42 | 73.5 ± 34 | 67.4 ± 39 | 57.1 ± 48 |
MH | 57.2 ± 10 | 70.1 | 54.5 ± 13 | 64.7 ± 19 | 55.9 ± 10 | 58.5 ± 25 |
PCS | 40.9 ± 10a,d
| 49.5 | 35.3 ± 10 | 42.7 ± 9 | 32.5 ± 11 | 35.8 ± 11 |
MCS | 45.0 ± 7 | 46.3 | 44.8 ± 9 | 45.8 ± 9 | 45.3 ± 7 | 41.4 ± 11 |
Disease-specific quality of life
Age ≤ 64 | Age 65 - 74 | Age ≥ 75 | All subjects | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PTS (N = 50) | PTS (N = 82) | CTR | PTS (N = 118) | CTR | PTS (N = 250) | CTR | |
Total WOMAC | 19.4 ± 20a
| 26.4 ± 17b
| 3.1 ± 6 | 34.5 ± 20 | 2.4 ± 3.8 | 28.8 ± 20 | 3.1 ± 7 |
Function | 16.0 ± 16a
| 22.2 ± 14c
| 1.9 ± 4 | 28.1 ± 16 | 1.2 ± 2 | 23.6 ± 16 | 1.8 ± 5 |
Stiffness | 1.1 ± 2 | 1.0 ± 2 | 0.3 ± 7 | 1.5 ± 2 | 0.4 ± 1 | 1.2 ± 2 | 0.4 ± 1 |
Pain | 2.3 ± 4a
| 3.2 ± 3b
| 0.6 ± 1 | 4.9 ± 4 | 0.7 ± 1 | 3.8 ± 4 | 0.8 ± 2 |
Harris Hip Score | 81.6 ± 17a
| 75.5 ± 14c
| 94.1 ± 10 | 68.8 ± 18 | 93.7 ± 7 | 74.8 ± 17 | 94 ± 82 |
Post-surgical satisfaction and revision rate
Correlation and regression analysis
Outcome | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory variable | c | 95% CI |
P
| Total adjusted R2 %* | R2 Change %** |
PCS | |||||
WOMAC score | -0.28 | -0.32 -- -0.22 | < 0.001 | 64 | 49 |
FCI score | -1.83 | -0.23 -- -1.35 | < 0.001 | 12 | |
MCS | |||||
HHS | 0.16 | 0.11 -- 0.21 | < 0.001 | 15 | 14 |
PF | |||||
WOMAC score | -0.92 | -1.06 -- -0.79 | < 0.001 | 60 | 54 |
FCI score | -3.53 | -4.81 -- -2.25 | < 0.001 | 5 | |
RP | |||||
HHS | 0.86 | 0.59 -- 1.14 | < 0.001 | 24 | 16 |
Bilateral THA | -19,79 | -29.72 -- -9.85 | < 0.001 | 4 | |
BP | |||||
HHS | 0.60 | 0.49 -- 0.71 | < 0.001 | 47 | 38 |
FCI score | -3.51 | -4.60 -- -2.43 | < 0.001 | 9 | |
GH | |||||
HHS | 0.38 | 0.30 -- 0.46 | < 0.001 | 37 | |
FCI score | -2.76 | -3.56 -- -1.96 | < 0.001 | 54 | 13 |
Follow-up length | -0.06 | -0.09 -- -0.02 | 0.001 | 3 | |
VT | |||||
WOMAC score | -0.30 | -0.38 -- -0.21 | < 0.001 | 34 | |
FCI score | -2.87 | -3.62 -- -2.12 | < 0.001 | 50 | 13 |
Postoperative employment | 5.52 | 2.07 -- 8.98 | 0.002 | 3 | |
SF | |||||
HHS | 0.65 | 0.53 -- 0.76 | < 0.001 | 48 | 41 |
FCI score | -3.24 | -4.34 -- -2.14 | < 0.001 | 7 | |
RE | |||||
HHS | 0.97 | 0.73 -- 1.21 | < 0.001 | 21 | 21 |
MH | |||||
HHS | 0.27 | 0.20 -- 0.34 | < 0.001 | 29 | 23 |
FCI score | -1.50 | -2.19 -- -0.81 | < 0.001 | 4 |
Outcome | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory variable | c | 95% CI |
P
| Total adjusted R2 %* | R2 Change %** |
HHS | |||||
Age | -1.22 | -1.77 -- -0.68 | < 0.001 | 15 | |
Postoperative employment | 12.70 | 8.24 -- 17.16 | < 0.001 | 35 | 11 |
FCI score | - 1.85 | -2.92 -- -0.78 | 0.001 | 5 | |
Total WOMAC | |||||
Postoperative employment | -14.89 | -19.51 -- -10.27 | < 0.001 | 13 | |
FCI score | 2.36 | 1.19 -- 3.52 | < 0.001 | 30 | 10 |
Age | 1.20 | 0.66 -- 1.75 | < 0.001 | 4 | |
Age at operation | -0.90 | -1.43 -- -0.36 | 0.001 | 3 | |
WOMAC function | |||||
FCI score | 2.35 | 1.43 -- 3.28 | < 0.001 | 13 | |
Postoperative employment | -12.22 | -15.90 -- -8.53 | < 0.001 | 32 | 13 |
Age | 0.92 | 0.49 -- 1.36 | < 0.001 | 3 | |
Age at operation | -0.71 | -1.14 ---0.28 | 0.001 | 3 | |
WOMAC stiffness | |||||
Postoperative employment | -0.70 | -1.18 -- -0.22 | 0.004 | 5 | 3 |
WOMAC pain | |||||
Age | 0.22 | 0.10 -- 0.33 | < 0.001 | 8 | |
Postoperative employment | -1.94 | -2.90 -- -0.97 | < 0.001 | 19 | 6 |
Age at operation | -0.14 | -0.26 -- -0.03 | 0.017 | 3 |
Explanatory variables | OR | 95% CI |
P
| - 2 Loglikelihood ratio (LR) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Satisfaction | ||||
WOMAC score | 0.88 | 0.82-0.94 | < 0.001 | 29.46 |
FCI score | 0.37 | 0.16-0.86 | 0.021 | 9.95 |
Willingness to undergo the operation again | ||||
WOMAC score | 0.83 | 0.73-0.95 | 0.007 | 23.59 |
FCI score | 0.09 | 0.01-0.65 | 0.017 | 18.53 |
Age | 1.12 | 1.00-1.24 | 0.041 | 5.01 |
Reoperation | ||||
Postoperative employment | 0.34 | 0.15-0.78 | 0.011 | 6.33 |
Follow-up length | 1.01 | 1.00-1.02 | 0.023 | 5.38 |
Cemented THA | 0.38 | 0.15-0.99 | 0.048 | 4.34 |
Discussion
Author | Present study | Croft [17] | Nilsdotter [18] | Salaffi [1]* | Ng [19] | SooHoo [20] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients n. | 250 | 611 | 124 | 107 | 627 | 89 | |
Mean age (years) | 70.8 | 70.9 | 71 | 67.8 | 68 | 60 | |
SF-36 scale | PF | 43.8 ± 30 | 28.9 | 31.5 ± 21 | 43.4 ± 23 | 23.1 ± 18 | 23 |
RP | 54.6 ± 41 | 11.5 ± 24 | 24.8 ± 35 | 6.6 ± 16 | 24 | ||
BP | 49.3 ± 22 | 31.2 ± 16 | 26.3 ± 21 | 27.4 ± 17 | 30 | ||
GH | 40.6 ± 17 | 56.2 | 69.7 ± 19 | 44.8 ± 22 | 74.3 ± 20 | 66 | |
VT | 48.4 ± 17 | 60.4 | 48.7 ± 22 | 46.7 ± 20 | 43.9 ± 21 | 49 | |
SF | 57.0 ± 24 | 48.7 | 66.6 ± 26 | 58.9 ± 24 | 53.7 ± 30 | 58 | |
RE | 68.7 ± 39 | 40.0 ± 44 | 42.1 ± 32 | 45.2 ± 33 | 56 | ||
MH | 55.7 ± 11 | 64.5 | 69.7 ± 20 | 57.4 ± 22 | 71.8 ± 19 | 67 | |
PCS | 35.1 ± 11 | 31.1 ± 8 | 31 | ||||
MCS | 45.3 ± 8 | 38.9 ± 9 | 50 |