Background
Methods
Research sites
Data Collection and Measures
Statistical Analysis
Results
Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents
Variable | n | % |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Female | 1060 | 42.8 |
Male | 1418 | 57.2 |
Age(years)
| ||
15-19 | 88 | 3.6 |
20-29 | 764 | 30.8 |
30-39 | 984 | 40.4 |
40-49 | 468 | 18.9 |
50-59 | 124 | 5.0 |
Over 60 | 152 | 1.3 |
Education
| ||
Illiteracy | 280 | 11.3 |
Primary school | 528 | 21.3 |
Secondary school | 1206 | 48.7 |
High school | 406 | 16.4 |
University/college degree | 58 | 2.4 |
Occupation
| ||
Wholesale and retail | 702 | 28.3 |
Lodging catering service | 494 | 19.9 |
Construction | 454 | 18.3 |
Manufacturing | 320 | 12.9 |
Transport, storage and postal | 302 | 12.2 |
Domestic service | 112 | 4.5 |
Others | 94 | 3.8 |
Working hours per day (hours)
| ||
Less than 8 | 494 | 19.9 |
8-9 | 550 | 22.2 |
10-11 | 672 | 27.1 |
12-13 | 594 | 24.0 |
Over 13 | 168 | 6.8 |
Monthly household income per capita (RMB)
| ||
Less than 250 | 98 | 4.0 |
251-500 | 152 | 6.1 |
501-750 | 640 | 25.8 |
751-1000 | 928 | 37.4 |
1001-1250 | 410 | 16.5 |
Over 1250 | 250 | 10.1 |
Duration of stay in Beijing (years)
| ||
Less than 1 | 520 | 21.0 |
1-5 | 1549 | 62.5 |
Over 5 | 409 | 16.5 |
Insurance coverage
| ||
None | 2329 | 94.0 |
Employer-based medical insurance | 57 | 2.3 |
Commercial medical insurance | 27 | 1.1 |
Social health insurance | 22 | 0.9 |
Industrial injury insurance | 2 | 0.1 |
Others | 40 | 1.6 |
Health seeking behavior and risk perceptions among migrant workers
Medical institutions | n | % |
---|---|---|
Not seeking care in medical institutions | 504 | 20.3 |
Village health clinics or community health service stations | 784 | 31.6 |
Township hospital | 358 | 14.4 |
District-level hospital | 266 | 10.7 |
City-level hospital or above | 362 | 14.6 |
Unlicensed private clinic | 172 | 6.9 |
Others | 32 | 1.3 |
Total | 2478 | 100.0 |
Main reasons | n | % |
---|---|---|
Feeling their own diseases not severe enough | 485 | 66.2 |
Unable to pay medical expenses | 65 | 8.9 |
Unreasonable charges in medical institutions | 51 | 7.0 |
Knowing how to deal with diseases themselves | 45 | 6.2 |
Having no free time | 40 | 5.5 |
Long distance from medical institutions | 13 | 1.8 |
Complicated medical procedures | 13 | 1.8 |
Long queuing and waiting time | 12 | 1.6 |
Poor service attitude and discrimination | 4 | 0.6 |
Excessive service | 1 | 0.1 |
Others | 2 | 0.3 |
Total | 732 | 100.0 |
Item | Person-time | % |
---|---|---|
Utilization of health services | ||
Saw a doctor | 118 | 36.4 |
Self-medication | 108 | 33.3 |
Non use | 98 | 30.3 |
Total | 324 | 100.0 |
Type of selected medical institutions
| ||
Village health clinics or community health service stations | 53 | 44.6 |
Township hospital | 7 | 6.2 |
District-level hospital | 20 | 16.9 |
City-level hospital or above | 15 | 12.3 |
Unlicensed private clinic | 24 | 20.0 |
Total | 118 | 100.0 |
Analysis of factors associated with health seeking behavior among migrant workers in Beijing
Characteristic | Number of fallen sick | Number of those who saw a doctor (%) |
χ
2
|
Pvalue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
Female | 157 | 58(36.9) | 0.036 | 0.850 |
Male | 167 | 60(35.9) | ||
Age(years)
| ||||
15-19 | 45 | 17(37.8) | 0.827 | 0.975 |
20-29 | 53 | 19(35.8) | ||
30-39 | 48 | 21(43.8) | ||
40-49 | 57 | 15(26.3) | ||
50-59 | 61 | 23(37.7) | ||
Over 60 | 60 | 23(38.3) | ||
Education
| ||||
Illiteracy | 53 | 12(22.6) | 9.857 | 0.043 |
Primary school | 65 | 21(32.3) | ||
Secondary school | 145 | 55(37.9) | ||
High school | 51 | 24(47.1) | ||
University/college degree | 10 | 6(60.0) | ||
Occupation
| ||||
Wholesale and retail | 41 | 21(51.2) | 10.699 | 0.098 |
Lodging catering service | 52 | 14(26.9) | ||
Construction | 40 | 10(25.0) | ||
Manufacturing | 46 | 15(32.6) | ||
Transport, storage and postal | 42 | 17(40.5) | ||
Domestic service | 58 | 26(44.8) | ||
Others | 45 | 15(33.3) | ||
Working hours per day(hours)
| ||||
Less 8 | 70 | 34(48.6) | 15.290 | 0.004 |
8-9 | 60 | 27 (45.0) | ||
10-11 | 56 | 23(41.1) | ||
12-13 | 65 | 17(26.2) | ||
Over 13 | 73 | 17(23.3) | ||
Monthly household income per capita (RMB)
| ||||
Less 250 | 65 | 10(15.4) | 37.198 | 0.000 |
251-500 | 59 | 15(25.4) | ||
501-750 | 51 | 16(31.4) | ||
751-1000 | 63 | 26(41.3) | ||
1001-1250 | 46 | 25(54.3) | ||
Over 1250 | 40 | 26(65.0) | ||
Duration of stay in Beijing(years)
| ||||
Less 1 | 89 | 25(28.1) | 4.075 | 0.130 |
1-5 | 123 | 51(41.5) | ||
Over 5 | 112 | 42(37.5) | ||
Insurance coverage
| ||||
Yes | 20 | 14(70.0) | 10.380 | 0.001 |
No | 304 | 104(34.2) |
Fixed part | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable
|
β
|
SE
|
χ
2
|
P
|
OR
|
Constant | -2.185 | 0.167 | 7.354 | 0.007 | 0.112 |
Education | |||||
Primary school (illiteracy) | 0.358 | 0.217 | 2.853 | 0.091 | 1.430 |
Secondary school (illiteracy) | 0.420 | 0.109 | 2.523 | 0.112 | 1.522 |
High school or above (illiteracy) | 0.453 | 0.165 | 3.301 | 0.074 | 1.573 |
Monthly household income per capita | |||||
251-500(Less 250RMB) | 0.448 | 0.167 | 4.458 | 0.035 | 1.565 |
501-750(Less 250 RMB) | 0.577 | 0.156 | 8.201 | 0.004 | 1.781 |
751-1000(Less 250 RMB) | 0.611 | 0.183 | 5.962 | 0.015 | 1.842 |
1001-1250(Less 250 RMB) | 0.646 | 0.254 | 6.987 | 0.008 | 1.908 |
Working hours per day | |||||
8-9(Less 8 hours) | 0.145 | 0.102 | 1.377 | 0.241 | 1.156 |
10-11(Less 8 hours) | -0.008 | 0.003 | 3.951 | 0.047 | 0.992 |
12-13(Less 8 hours) | -0.013 | 0.009 | 4.252 | 0.039 | 0.987 |
Over13(Less 8 hours) | -0.532 | 1.163 | 9.214 | 0.002 | 0.587 |
Insurance coverage (Yes) | 0.896 | 0.115 | 10.106 | 0.001 | 2.450 |
Random part
| |||||
Level 2 u0jk
2
| 0.732 | 0.218 | 3.581 | 0.058 | 2.079 |
Level 1 scale parameter δ | 1 | 0.000 | - | - | - |