Background
Methods
Design
Recruitment
Data collection
Missing values
Statistical analyses
Results
Gender of GP | |
---|---|
- male
| 60.8% |
- female
| 39.2% |
Age of GP: mean ± sd
| 50.2 ± 7.7 years |
Years of practice: mean ± sd
| 15.0 ± 8.2 years |
Specialty of GP
| |
- no specialty
| 4.4% |
- family medicine ("Facharzt für Allgemeinmedizin")
| 65.8% |
- internal medicine ("Facharzt für Innere Medizin")
| 28.5% |
- family medicine and internal medicine
| 1.3% |
Practice type
| |
- single pactice
| 52.5% |
- practice-sharing
| 12.7% |
- group practice
| 34.8% |
Number of patients treated in practice in each quarter
| |
- 1,000 and more patients
| 51.3% |
- 750 thru 999 patients
| 24.7% |
- 500 thru 749 patients
| 19.6% |
- 499 and less patients
| 4.4% |
Gender | |
---|---|
Age (at baseline interview): mean ± sd
| 74.4 ± 5.2 years |
- male
| 40.7% |
- female
| 59.3% |
Education (in CASMIN grade)
| |
- grade 1 (low)
- grade 2 (medium)
| 62.3% 26.8% |
- grade 3 (high)
| 10.9% |
Household-size adjusted net income per month: mean ± sd
| 1412 ± 704 € [n = 2,793] |
Home ownership
| 40.3% [n = 3,149] |
Former occupation(in degree of autonomy on a 5 point scale with 1 = low and 5 = high): mean ± sd
| 2.9 ± 1.1 [n = 3,128] |
Marital status
| |
- never married
| 5.9% |
- married
| 56.2% |
- estranged (living in seperate homes)
| 2.3% |
- divorced
| 8.0% |
- widowed
| 27.7% [n = 3,188] |
Household type
| |
- living in private home alone
| 35.4% |
- living in private home with spouse
| 57.9% |
- living in private home with family members
| 4.1% |
- living in private home with other persons
| 0.7% |
- living in assisted living
| 1.7% |
- living in retirement home
| 0.3% |
- living in nursing home
| 0** |
Nursing dependency level
| |
- no nursing dependency
| 95.6% |
- dependency level 1
| 3.4% |
- dependency level 2
| 1.0% |
- dependency level 3
| 0.1% [n = 3,168] |
Number of chronic conditions
(based on a list of 46 chronic conditions): mean ± sd
| 7.0 ± 2.5 |
Diagnosis group | total (n = 3,189) | female (n = 1,891) | male (n = 1,298) | age 65-74 (n = 1,827) | age 75-84 (n = 1,362) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypertension | 77.9% (1) | 77.5% (1) | 78.4% (1) | 74.5% (1) | 82.4% (1) |
Lipid metabolism disorders | 58.5% (2) | 57.0% (2) | 60.8% (2) | 60.5% (2) | 56.0% (2) |
Chronic low back pain | 49.5% (3) | 55.2% (3) | 41.1% (5) | 48.3% (3) | 51.0% (3) |
Joint arthrosis§ | 43.3% (4) | 48.9% (4) | 35.3% (6) | 39.4% (4) | 48.7% (4) |
Diabetes mellitus§ | 37.6% (5) | 33.3% (6) | 43.8% (4) | 38.8% (5) | 36.0% (6) |
Thyroid dysfunction§ | 33.8% (6) | 43.5% (5) | 19.6% (13) | 35.8% (6) | 31.1% (7) |
Chronic ischemic heart disease§ | 31.4% (7) | 22.2% (12) | 44.7% (3) | 27.8% (7) | 36.1% (5) |
Cardiac arrhythmias§ | 26.9% (8) | 23.5% (9) | 31.9% (7) | 24.0% (9) | 30.8% (8) |
Asthma/Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease§ | 24.2% (9) | 23.1% (10) | 25.7% (9) | 24.2% (8) | 24.2% (10) |
Lower limb varicosis§ | 23.3% (10) | 28.8% (8) | 15.2% (17) | 21.7% (10) | 25.3% (9) |
Osteoporosis§ | 19.8% (11) | 28.9% (7) | 6.6% (27) | 17.5% (13) | 23.0% (11) |
Severe vision reduction§ | 18.9% (12) | 19.5% (13) | 18.2% (14) | 16.2% (15) | 22.7% (12) |
Cancers§ | 18.3% (13) | 15.5% (14) | 22.4% (12) | 17.6% (12) | 19.3% (13) |
Depression§ | 17.8% (14) | 22.6% (11) | 10.6% (22) | 18.6% (11) | 16.7% (17) |
Purine/pyrimidine metabolism disorders/Gout | 17.3% (15) | 12.9% (18) | 23.7% (10) | 16.3% (14) | 18.7% (14) |
Atherosclerosis/PAOD§ | 16.7% (16) | 12.0% (19) | 23.4% (11) | 15.2% (16) | 18.6% (15) |
Intestinal diverticulosis§ | 14.5% (17) | 15.5% (14) | 13.0% (20) | 14.5% (18) | 14.5% (18) |
Neuropathies§ | 14.7% (18) | 13.0% (17) | 17.3% (15) | 15.1% (17) | 14.2% (20) |
Cardiac insufficiency§ | 13.1% (19) | 11.8% (20) | 15.0% (19) | 9.6% (22) | 17.7% (16) |
Chronic gastritis/GERD# | 12.9% (20) | 13.6% (16) | 11.9% (21) | 14.0% (19) | 11.5% (23) |
Cerebral ischemia/Chronic stroke§ | 11.8% (21) | 9.5% (22) | 15.1% (18) | 9.9% (21) | 14.4% (19) |
Prostatic hyperplasia | 11.4% (22) | - | 27.9% (8) | 10.5% (20) | 12.6% (22) |
Renal insufficiency§ | 10.7% (23) | 7.1% (27) | 15.8% (16) | 8.2% (24) | 14.0% (21) |
Cardiac valve disorders§ | 9.4% (24) | 8.8% (23) | 10.3% (23) | 8.0% (26) | 11.3% (24) |
Chronic cholecystitis/Gallstones | 7.9% (25) | 8.3% (25) | 7.2% (26) | 6.7% (28) | 9.5% (25) |
Dizziness§ | 7.7% (26) | 8.7% (24) | 6.3% (29) | 6.7% (28) | 9.1% (27) |
Liver diseases§ | 7.7% (27) | 6.8% (28) | 9.0% (25) | 8.7% (23) | 6.4% (29) |
Haemorrhoids | 7.5% (28) | 5.6% (30) | 10.3% (23) | 8.1%(25) | 6.7% (28) |
Urinary incontinence§ | 7.2% (29) | 9.9% (21) | 3.3% (36) | 5.6% (30) | 9.3% (26) |
Somatoform disorders§ | 6.1% (30) | 7.7% (26) | 3.7% (34) | 7.0% (27) | 4.9% (32) |
Insomnia# | 5.6% (31) | 5.1% (33) | 6.2% (30) | 5.4% (32) | 5.7% (31) |
Severe hearing loss§ | 5.2% (32) | 4.2% (36) | 6.8% (28) | 4.7% (34) | 6.0% (30) |
Allergies# | 4.9% (33) | 6.0% (29) | 3.4% (35) | 5.8% (29) | 3.8% (36) |
Obesity# | 4.8% (34) | 4.8% (35) | 4.9% (33) | 5.5% (31) | 3.9% (35) |
Anemias§ | 4.3% (35) | 3.1% (38) | 5.9% (31) | 3.9% (38) | 4.8% (33) |
Rheumatoid arthritis/Chronic polyarthritis§ | 4.2% (36) | 5.6% (31) | 2.2% (39) | 3.9% (37) | 4.6% (34) |
Anxiety§ | 4.1% (37) | 5.3% (32) | 2.2% (39) | 4.7% (34) | 3.2% (37) |
Psoriasis§ | 3.6% (38) | 2.7% (39) | 5.0% (32) | 4.3% (36) | 2.8% (39) |
Migraine/chronic headache§ | 3.5% (39) | 4.9% (34) | 1.5% (41) | 5.0% (33) | 1.5% (41) |
Noninflammatory gynaecological problems | 2.0% (40) | 3.4% (37) | - | 2.5% (39) | 1.4% (42) |
Parkinson's disease§ | 1.9% (41) | 1.4% (40) | 2.8% (37) | 1.3% (41) | 2.9% (38) |
Urinary tract calculi | 1.8% (42) | 1.3% (41) | 2.6% (38) | 1.6% (40) | 2.1% (40) |
Hypotension# | 0.5% (43) | 0.5% (42) | 0.4% (43) | 0.4% (42) | 0.6% (43) |
Sexual dysfunction# | 0.2% (44) | - | 0.5% (42) | 0.3% (43) | - |
Tobacco abuse# | 0.1% (45) | 0 (43) | 0.2% (44) | 0.1% (44) | - |
Dementias* | - | - | - | - | - |
Non-responder analysis
Multimorbidity and socio-demographic characteristics
number of all diagnoses | number of diagnoses in CMD | number of diagnoses in ADS/P | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
coef (95% CI) | p* | coef (95% CI) | p* | coef (95% CI) | p* | |
Age
|
0.07 (0.05/0.08)
|
< 0.001
|
0.04 (0.03/0.06)
|
< 0.001
| 0.01 (-0.00/0.02) | 0.243 |
Gender: female
|
-0.27 (-0.44/-0.09)
|
0.003
|
-1.29 (-1.42/-1.15)
|
< 0.001
|
0.79 (0.66/0.91)
|
< 0.001
|
Marital status (in relation to'never married')
| ||||||
- married
| 0.11 (-0.32/0.54) | 0.608 | 0.02 (-0.31/0.35) | 0.918 | 0.09 (-0.23/0.40) | 0.590 |
- estranged (married, but living in separate homes)
| 0.19 (-0.42/0.79) | 0.545 | -0.13 (-0.59/0.33) | 0.582 | 0.43 (-0.01/0.87) | 0.058 |
- divorced
| -0.03 (-0.44/0.38) | 0.898 | -0.02 (-0.33/0.29) | 0.910 | 0.07 (-0.23/0.37) | 0.647 |
- widowed
| 0.12 (-0.23/0.46) | 0.511 | 0.09 (-0.18/0.35) | 0.515 | 0.03 (-0.23/0.28) | 0.834 |
Household type (in relation to 'living at home alone')
| ||||||
- living at home with spouse
| -0.10 (-0.42/0.23) | 0.562 | 0.05 (-0.20/0.30) | 0.678 | -0.08 (-0.32/0.16) | 0.494 |
- living at home with family members or others
| 0.24 (-0.14/0.62) | 0.210 | 0.22 (-0.06/0.51) | 0.128 | -0.07 (-0.34/0.20) | 0.611 |
- living in assisted living or retirement home
| -0.01 (-0.59/0.57) | 0.967 | 0.27 (-0.17/0.71) | 0.231 | -0.48 (-0.90/-0.06)
|
0.024
|
Education (in relation to 'low level')
| ||||||
- medium level
|
-0.26 (-0.45/-0.07)
|
0.008
|
-0.17 (-0.31/-0.02)
|
0.024
| -0.09 (-0.23/0.05) | 0.194 |
- high level
| -0.29 (-0.57/-0.01)
|
0.043
| -0.26 (-0.48/-0.05)
|
0.017
| -0.10 (-0.31/0.10) | 0.317 |
Degree of autonomy at former occupation (5 point scale)
| -0.02 (-0.10/0.06) | 0.571 | -0.05 (-0.11/0.01) | 0.084 | 0.04 (-0.02/0.09) | 0.221 |
Household-size adjusted net income (natural logarithm)
|
-0.27 (-0.47/-0.08)
|
0.005
|
-0.16 (-0.31/-0.01)
|
0.035
| -0.12 (-0.26/0.02) | 0.094 |
Home ownership
| -0.13 (-0.30/0.05) | 0.148 | -0.07 (-0.20/0.06) | 0.315 | -0.03 (-0.15/0.10) | 0.658 |