Introduction
Methods
Study area and parasites
DNA extraction and genotyping
Statistical analysis
Results
Condition/Symptom | Dimorphism | Severe malaria | Parasitaemic controls | OR [95% CI] P value (F-segment as reference) |
---|---|---|---|---|
absolute number (%) | ||||
All (n = 289) | F-segment | 201 (70) | 176 (61) | |
F-/C-segment | 33 (11) | 64 (22) | .5 [.3–.7] .003 | |
C-segment | 55 (19) | 49 (17) | 1.0 [.6–1.7] 1 | |
Severe anaemia (n = 159) | F-segment | 114 (72) | 95 (60) | |
F-/C-segment | 18 (11) | 37 (23) | .4 [.2–.8] .02 | |
C-segment | 27 (17) | 26 (16) | .9 [.4–1.8] .9 | |
Prostration (n = 97) | F-segment | 67 (69) | 55 (57) | |
F-/C-segment | 10 (10) | 23 (24) | .4 [.1–1.0] .06 | |
C-segment | 20 (21) | 18 (19) | .8 [.3–2.0]. .8 | |
Respiratory Distress (n = 66) | F-segment | 40 (61) | 47 (71) | |
F-/C-segment | 9 (14) | 10 (15) | 1.2 [.4–3.7] 1 | |
C-segment | 17 (26) | 9 (14) | 2.0 [.8–7.7] .2 | |
Multiple Convulsions (n = 59) | F-segment | 40 (68) | 36 (61) | |
F-/C-segment | 6 (10) | 15 (25) | .4 [.1–1.1] .1 | |
C-segment | 13 (22) | 8 (14) | 2.0 [.6–6.3] .4 | |
Impaired Consciousness (n = 56) | F-segment | 36 (64) | 39 (70) | |
F-/C-segment | 8 (14) | 9 (16) | 1 [.3–3.6] 1 | |
C-segment | 12 (21) | 8 (14) | 1.6 [.5–4.6] .6 | |
Jaundice (n = 34) | F-segment | 23 (68) | 21 (62) | |
F-/C-segment | 3 (9) | 6 (18) | .5 [.04–2.5] .7 | |
C-segment | 8 (24) | 7 (21) | 1 [.3–3.6] 1 | |
Circulatory collapse (n = 10) | F-segment | 6 (60) | 8 (80) | |
F-/C-segment | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | - | |
C-segment | 4 (40) | 1 (10) | 3.0 [.4–3.0] .6 | |
Haemoglobinuria (n = 8) | F-segment | 6 (75) | 5 (63) | |
F-/C-segment | 0 (0) | 1 (13) | - | |
C-segment | 2 (25) | 2 (25) | .5 [0–4.9] 1 | |
Hyperparasitaemia (n = 64) | F-segment | 43 (67) | 47 (73) | |
F-/C-segment | 6 (9) | 10 (16) | .4 [.1–1.6] .3 | |
C-segment | 15 (23) | 7 (11) | 3. 7 [1.1–13.1] .06 | |
Fatal outcome (n = 32) | F-segment | 15 (47) | 18 (56) | |
F-/C-segment | 4 (13) | 7 (22) | .5 [.04–2.5] .7 | |
C-segment | 13 (41) | 6 (19) | 4.0 [.9–19.4] .1 |