Background
Methods
Data sources
Explanatory variables
Data analysis
Results
Sample size and response rates
Patients' socio-demographic characteristics
Hip replacement | Knee replacement | Hernia repair | VV surgery | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
| ||
Sex
| Female | 22,123 (58.7) | 85.4 | 24,631 (55.8) | 85.7 | 3,712 (10.7) | 69.7 | 8,890 (63.3) | 66.5 |
Male | 15,592 (41.3) | 84.7 | 19,527 (44.2) | 85.1 | 31,117 (89.3) | 73.3 | 5,153 (36.7) | 62.1 | |
missing | 246 | 264 | 135 | 57 | |||||
Age (years)
| under 55 | 4,643 (12.3) | 71.7 | 3,481 (7.8) | 71.7 | 13,814 (39.6) | 55.0 | 8,762 (62.2) | 56.2 |
55-64 | 8,443 (22.3) | 84.5 | 10,938 (24.7) | 83.7 | 8,141 (23.3) | 80.8 | 2,914 (20.7) | 77.2 | |
65-74 | 13,595 (35.9) | 88.8 | 16,847 (38.0) | 87.8 | 7,524 (21.6) | 87.6 | 1,736 (12.3) | 81.5 | |
75 and over | 11,198 (29.6) | 86.6 | 13,058 (29.5) | 87.2 | 5,408 (15.5) | 86.8 | 668 (4.7) | 81.4 | |
missing | 82 | 98 | 77 | 20 | |||||
Ethnicity
| White | 33,843 (98.2) | 85.6 | 38,877 (94.7) | 86.6 | 28,422 (94.4) | 74.7 | 11,757 (93.8) | 66.4 |
Non-white | 636 (1.8) | 68.2 | 2,169 (5.3) | 68.6 | 1,675 (5.6) | 57.1 | 771 (6.2) | 51.0 | |
missing | 3,482 | 3,376 | 4867 | 1,572 | |||||
IMD quintile
| Most deprived | 4,280 (11.9) | 77.5 | 6,116 (14.5) | 79.5 | 5,243 (15.9) | 61.3 | 2,832 (20.9) | 55.9 |
2nd | 6,268 (17.5) | 82.4 | 8,179 (19.3) | 83.6 | 6,065 (18.4) | 68.0 | 2,847 (21.1) | 63.6 | |
3 rd | 8,141 (22.7) | 86.0 | 9,539 (22.5) | 86.1 | 7,141 (21.7) | 75.4 | 2,901 (21.4) | 67.3 | |
4th | 8,901 (24.8) | 87.6 | 9,691 (22.9) | 87.9 | 7,252 (22.0) | 78.4 | 2,749 (20.3) | 70.9 | |
Least deprived | 8,278 (23.1) | 88.5 | 8,779 (20.8) | 89.1 | 7,271 (22.0) | 80.7 | 2,198 (16.3) | 71.0 | |
missing | 2,093 | 2,118 | 1,992 | 573 | |||||
Living
| Living with others | 26,583 (72.4) | 85.8 | 32,170 (75.2) | 85.8 | 28,611 (84.2) | 73.1 | 11,716 (85.4) | 64.8 |
arrangements
| Living alone | 10,119 (27.6) | 83.8 | 10,613 (24.8) | 84.9 | 5,376 (15.8) | 72.7 | 2,002 (14.6) | 66.4 |
missing | 1,259 | 1,639 | 977 | 382 | |||||
Assisted with
| No | 29,731 (78.4) | 86.4 | 34,680 (79.1) | 87.2 | 30,622 (88.2) | 73.4 | 12,907 (92.3) | 65.2 |
questionnaire
| Yes | 8,108 (21.6) | 80.5 | 9,144 (20.9) | 78.4 | 4,103 (11.8) | 69.8 | 1,071 (7.7) | 60.5 |
completion
| missing | 482 | 598 | 239 | 122 |
Patients' clinical characteristics
Hip replacement | Knee replacement | Hernia repair | VV surgery | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
| ||
Previous surgery
| No | 33,738 (89.7) | 85.7 | 40,468 (91.9) | 85.9 | 30,318 (87.3) | 73.0 | 8,530 (61.0) | 63.4 |
Yes | 3,882 (10.3) | 80.2 | 3,560 (8.1) | 79.8 | 4,399 (12.7) | 73.2 | 5,459 (39.0) | 67.0 | |
missing | 341 | 394 | 247 | 111 | |||||
Duration of
| 0-5 years | 30,039 (79.9) | 86.0 | 25,138 (57.1) | 86.2 | 21,960 (63.3) | 75.0 | 3,702 (26.6) | 59.0 |
symptoms*
| > 5 years | 7,549 (20.1) | 81.7 | 18,916 (42.9) | 84.2 | 12,722 (36.7) | 69.5 | 10,234 (73.4) | 67.0 |
missing | 373 | 368 | 282 | 164 | |||||
Comorbidities
| none | 16,125 (42.5) | 85.9 | 16,058 (36.3) | 86.2 | 18,066 (51.7) | 67.6 | 7,925 (56.2) | 62.6 |
1 | 13,556 (35.7) | 86.0 | 16,574 (37.3) | 86.1 | 9,983 (28.5) | 78.1 | 3,756 (26.6) | 66.3 | |
2 | 5,804 (15.3) | 83.3 | 8,040 (18.1) | 84.6 | 4,337 (12.4) | 80.9 | 1,445 (10.3) | 70.9 | |
3 or more | 2,476 (6.5) | 78.8 | 3,750 (8.4) | 79.7 | 2,578 (7.4) | 76.8 | 974 (6.9) | 68.1 | |
missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Procedure specific
| Worst | 14,122 (37.5) | 80.5 | 16,617 (37.7) | 80.0 | - | - | 4,621 (33.3) | 62.6 |
health status by
| Middle | 10,982 (29.2) | 86.5 | 13,706 (31.1) | 87.4 | - | - | 4,622 (33.3) | 65.4 |
tertile
| Best | 12,541 (33.3) | 89.2 | 13,725 (31.2) | 89.7 | - | - | 4,622 (33.3) | 66.8 |
missing | 316 | 374 | - | - | 235 | ||||
EQ5D index by
| Worst QoL | 13,062 (36.3) | 80.7 | 16,498 (39.2) | 81.3 | 12,957 (38.3) | 69.1 | 4,620 (34.4) | 60.1 |
tertile
| Middle | 11,559 (32.1) | 86.4 | 21,514 (51.1) | 87.9 | 9,894 (29.3) | 75.3 | 5,503 (40.9) | 66.1 |
Best QoL | 11,361 (31.6) | 89.5 | 4,059 (9.7) | 89.8 | 10,960 (32.4) | 75.6 | 3,319 (24.7) | 70.4 | |
missing | 1,979 | 2,351 | 1,153 | 658 |
Organisational factors
Hip replacement | Knee replacement | Hernia repair | VV surgery | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
|
n (%)
|
Responded%
| ||
Administration of
| On admission | 4,671 (16.5) | 85.7 | 5,526 (18.3) | 86.5 | 9,233 (37.4) | 75.8 | 5,996 (53.1) | 67.2 |
questionnaire*
| Before admission | 23,650 (83.5) | 87.2 | 24,664 (81.7) | 88.2 | 15,428 (62.6) | 78.1 | 5,289 (46.9) | 68.5 |
1,418 | 1,883 | 586 | 439 | ||||||
Provider type
| NHS | 30,514 (80.4) | 84.3 | 36,228 (81.6) | 84.5 | 29,265 (83.7) | 73.0 | 12,951 (91.9) | 64.8 |
Independent | 7,477 (19.6) | 88.2 | 8,191 (18.4) | 88.8 | 5,699 (16.3) | 72.8 | 1,149 (8.1) | 65.4 | |
missing | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Provider
| below 70% | 13,721 (42.0) | 84.6 | 15,923 (40.8) | 85.1 | 22,449 (73.2) | 72.8 | 9,838 (69.8) | 63.7 |
recruitment rate**
| 70% or more | 18,962 (58.0) | 84.7 | 23,151 (59.2) | 84.8 | 8,226 (26.8) | 73.3 | 2,910 (20.6) | 67.5 |
missing | 5,278 | 5,348 | 4,289 | 1,352 |
Association between patient/organisational characteristics and non-response
Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Hip replacement
|
Knee replacement
|
Hernia repair
|
VV surgery
| |
Socio-demographic characteristics
| ||||
Sex | ||||
Female | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Male | 1.12 (1.05-1.19) | 1.15 (1.09-1.22) | 1.03 (0.95-1.11) | 1.35 (1.25-1.46) |
Age category (years) | ||||
Under 55 | 3.06 (2.78-3.37) | 3.01 (2.72-3.32) | 6.05 (5.49-6.67) | 4.08 (3.29-5.06) |
55-64 | 1.48 (1.35-1.61) | 1.50 (1.38-1.62) | 1.81 (1.63-2.00) | 1.50 (1.21-1.88) |
65-74 | 0.97 (0.90-1.05) | 1.05 (0.98-1.13) | 1.05 (0.95-1.17) | 1.13 (0.89-1.42) |
75 and over | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Ethnicity | ||||
White | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Non-white | 1.58 (1.32-1.88) | 2.08 (1.89-2.31) | 1.24 (1.11-1.38) | 1.25 (1.08-1.47) |
IMD quintile | ||||
Most deprived | 1.55 (1.40-1.72) | 1.47 (1.34-1.62) | 1.86 (1.71-2.03) | 1.49 (1.31-1.69) |
2nd | 1.34 (1.21-1.47) | 1.29 (1.17-1.41) | 1.60 (1.47-1.73) | 1.21 (1.07-1.38) |
3 rd | 1.12 (1.02-1.23) | 1.18 (1.07-1.29) | 1.25 (1.15-1.36) | 1.13 (1.00-1.28) |
4th | 1.04 (0.95-1.14) | 1.06 (0.97-1.17) | 1.13 (1.04-1.23) | 0.98 (0.87-1.12) |
Least deprived | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Living arrangements | ||||
Not living alone | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Living alone | 1.27 (1.18-1.36) | 1.21 (1.13-1.29) | 1.16 (1.08-1.25) | 1.11 (0.99-1.23) |
Assisted in completing questionnaire | ||||
Not assisted | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Assisted | 1.49 (1.39-1.60) | 1.67 (1.56-1.79) | 1.53 (1.41-1.66) | 1.26 (1.10-1.46) |
Clinical characteristics
Previous surgery | ||||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 1.42 (1.30-1.55) | 1.36 (1.25-1.49) | 1.14 (1.05-1.23) | 1.05 (0.97-1.14) |
Duration of symptoms* | ||||
Up to 5 years | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
> 5 years | 1.13 (1.05-1.21) | 1.03 (0.98-1.09) | 1.26 (1.19-1.32) | 0.84 (0.78-0.92) |
Comorbidities | ||||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1 | 1.06 (0.99-1.13) | 1.00 (0.94-1.07) | 0.91 (0.85-0.97) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) |
2 | 1.25 (1.15-1.37) | 1.04 (0.96-1.12) | 0.95 (0.86-1.04) | 0.99 (0.86-1.14) |
3 or more | 1.45 (1.30-1.63) | 1.24 (1.12-1.37) | 1.19 (1.06-1.34) | 1.14 (0.96-1.35) |
Condition-specific PROM | ||||
per 10 point worse score | 1.17 (1.11-1.24) | 1.15 (1.09-1.21) | - | 1.06 (1.02-1.11) |
EQ-5D index score | ||||
per 0.1 point worse score | 1.04 (1.03-1.06) | 1.05 (1.04-1.06) | 1.06 (1.05-1.08) | 1.07 (1.05-1.09) |
Organisational factors
| ||||
Administration of pre-operative questionnaire** | ||||
On admission | 1.06 (0.96-1.16) | 1.06 (0.97-1.16) | 1.03 (0.96-1.10) | 1.11 (1.02-1.21) |
Before admission | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Provider type | ||||
NHS | 1.14 (1.06-1.24) | 1.24 (1.15-1.34) | 1.07 (1.00-1.15) | 1.08 (0.94-1.23) |
Independent | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Provider recruitment*** | ||||
per 20% point increase | 1.02 (0.98-1.07) | 1.03 (0.99-1.06) | 1.02 (0.98-1.07) | 0.99 (0.94-1.04) |