Background
Methods
Patients
Sample processing
Determination of absolute counts of B, T and NK cells
Immunophenotype
Antibody combinations/ | Fluorochrome | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CELL TYPE | Phenotype | Tube # | V450/Pacific blue | V500/Am Cyan | FITC | PE | APC/Alexa Fluor 647 | PerCP/PerCP-Cy5 | PE-Cy7 | APC-cy7 |
T cells
| Thymic output/Exhaustion |
T1
| CD95 | PD-1 | CD4 | HLA-DR | CD8 | CD3 | ||
T2
| CD45RA | CD31 | CD4 | CD38d | CD8 | CD3 | ||||
T3
| CD4 | CD8 | CD3 | |||||||
CD8 activation |
T4
| CD4 | HLA-DR | CD45RO | CD38d | CD8 | CD3 | |||
T5
| CD4 | CD8 | CD3 | |||||||
Main subsets/senescence |
T6
| CD45RA | CD8 | CD57e | CD28 | CD27 | CD4 | CCR7 | CD3 | |
T7
| CD8 | CD4 | CD3 | |||||||
Treg/Prolif./Anergy |
T8
| CD4 | CD8 | KI67 | FOXP3e | CD127c | CD5d | CD25 | CD3 | |
T9
| CD4 | CD8 | IRR IgG | IRR IGG2ae | CD3 | |||||
NK cells
| Activation/receptor profile |
NK1
| CD69 | CD3b/CD19b | CD107a | Nkp44 | CD57e | CD25 | CD56 | CD16 |
NK2
| NKp46a,ed | CD3b/CD19b | CD107a | NKG2De | Nkp30 c | NKG2Ae | CD56 | CD16 | ||
NK3
| CD3b/CD19b | CD56 | CD16 | |||||||
B cells
| Mature/Memory/Transitional |
B1
| CD1c | IgDe | IgM | CD38 | CD27e | CD19 | ||
B2
| CD23 | IgDe | CD5 | CD38 | CD10e | CD19 | ||||
B3
| IgDe | CD19 | ||||||||
Switched memory |
B4
| CD1ce | IgGe | IgA | CD38 | CD27e | CD19 | |||
B5
| IgGe | IgAe | CD19 |
B-cell and T-cell proliferation assays
Cell death assays
NK activity assays
Clustering and statistical analyses
Results
Patient characteristics
SFC | HD |
P-value
| |
---|---|---|---|
(N = 22) | (N = 30) | (Mann–Whitney) | |
Age (years, Median, IQR) | 44 [40–50] | 38 [33–52] |
ns
|
Gender (% of female) | 73 | 55 |
ns
|
Time from diagnosis (Years, Median, IQR) | 3 [3–5] | - | |
Grade of Fatigue (Median, IQR) | 3 [2–3] | - | |
Reported onset with viral infection (%) | 53 | - |
Analgesics | Antidepressants Anxiolytics Benzodiazepines | Homeopa Thy | Antioxidants | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient # | Paracetamol | Ibuprofen | Tramadol | Duloxetine | Pregabalin | Diazepam | ||
CFS1 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
| ||
CFS2 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
CFS3 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
CFS4 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
CFS5 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
CFS6 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
CFS7 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
CFS8 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
CFS9 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
CFS10 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
CFS11 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
CFS12 |
+
|
-
|
+
|
-
|
+
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
CFS13 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
CFS14 |
+
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
CFS15 |
+
|
+
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
CFS16 |
+
|
+
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
CFS17 |
+
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
+
|
-
|
-
|
CFS18 |
+
|
+
|
-
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
-
|
-
|
CFS19 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|