Background
Methods
Materials
Subjects
Study Design
Blood collection
Plasma lipids, lutein, and insulin
Body Weight and DEXA
Fasting Adiponectin, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1
Fasting TNF-α, IL-8, and MCP-1
Fasting CRP
Statistical Analysis
Results
Diet and Plasma Lipids
Plasma and Dietary Lutein
Anthropometrics and Insulin
Variable | Body Weight (Kg) | Total Body Fat (Kg) | Trunk Fat (Kg) |
---|---|---|---|
EGG
| |||
Baseline | 98.9 ± 15.3 | 30.2 ± 8.0 | 18.6 ± 5.5 |
12 Weeks | 92.2 ± 12.7 | 25.4 ± 8.4 | 15.3 ± 5.7 |
SUB
| |||
Baseline | 97.6 ± 19.9 | 31.6 ± 12.4 | 19.8 ± 7.8 |
12 Weeks | 91.7 ± 15.7 | 27.0 ± 12.0 | 16.6 ± 7.4 |
Time Effect | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 |
Diet Effect | NS | NS | NS |
Interaction | NS | NS | NS |
Adiponectin, CRP, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1
Variable | Adiponectin (mg/L) | CRP (mg/L) | VCAM-1 (mg/L) | ICAM-1 (mg/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|
EGG
| ||||
Baseline | 15.8 ± 4.6a | 5.9 ± 2.9b | 1.13 ± 0.15 | 0.21 ± 0.05 |
12 Weeks | 18.6 ± 3.8b | 4.3 ± 3.7a | 1.19 ± 0.13 | 0.21 ± 0.04 |
SUB
| ||||
Baseline | 15.8 ± 5.9a | 8.6 ± 6.5bc | 1.17 ± 0.26 | 0.23 ± 0.06 |
12 Weeks | 16.4 ± 5.2a | 12.2 ± 11.5c | 1.14 ± 0.30 | 0.21 ± 0.07 |
Time Effect | P < 0.01 | NS | NS | NS |
Diet Effect | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Interaction | P < 0.05 | P < 0.05 | NS | NS |
TNF-α, IL-8, and MCP-1
Variable | TNF-α (ng/L) | IL-8 (pg/L) | MCP-1 (μg/L) |
---|---|---|---|
EGG
| |||
Baseline | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 199.0 ± 87.1a |
12 Weeks | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 194.5 ± 111.7a |
SUB
| |||
Baseline | 2.0 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 224.2 ± 115.8a |
12 Weeks | 2.0 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 157.0 ± 72.0b |
Time Effect | NS | NS | P < 0.05 |
Diet Effect | NS | NS | NS |
Interaction | NS | NS | P < 0.05 |