Background
Methods
Study area
Municipality | % Speaking indigenous language | % Speaking Zapotec monolingual | % Speaking Zapotec monolingual | % Of 15 year-old or older who read and write in Spanish | Average number of years in school | % Of the population engaged in primary production activities |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year 2000 | Year 2000 | Year 1950 | Year 2000 | Year 2000 | Year 2000 | |
Juchitán de Zaragoza | 70.01 | 8.81 | 27.26 | 52.11 | 6.26 | 13.89 |
San Blas Atempa | 92.76 | 24.87 | 72.08 | 39.95 | 3.56 | 33.79 |
Santa María Xadani | 97.71 | 34.07 | 83.33 | 32.05 | 3.36 | 35.01 |
Fieldwork and data analysis
Family | Species | Zapotec name |
---|---|---|
Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus spinosus L. | Balaadxi gui'chi' (gr) |
Apocynaceae | Marsdenia coulteri Hemsl. | Luba' biñaa (v) |
Apocynaceae | Plumeria rubra L. | Guie' chaachi (gu) |
Bignoniaceae | Crescentia alata Kunth | Bitu xhiga gui'xhi' (s) |
Bignoniaceae | Mansoa hymenaea (DC.) A.H. Gentry | Luba' bete (v) |
Burseraceae | Bursera schlechtendalii Engel. | Yalaguitu (t) |
Combretaceae | Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz | Luba' begu (v) |
Combretaceae | Polanisia viscosa L. (DC.) | Stoope gui'xhi' (gr) |
Commelinaceae | Commelina coelestis Willd. | Guie'duza (gu) |
Cucurbitaceae | Ibervillea sp. | Luba' cuba, Luba' manzanina, Luba' melón gui'xhi' (v) |
Euphorbiaceae | Croton niveus Jacq. | Copachil (s) |
Euphorbiaceae | Euphorbia sp. | Pichinchi yuu (gr) |
Hippocrateaceae | Hippocratea excelsa Kunth | Luba' biichi (v) |
Julianaceae | Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Standl. | Yaga yala (t) |
Leguminosae | Aeschynomene americana L. | Yaga tama (s) |
Leguminosae | Apoplanesia paniculata C. Presl. | Guie' bi'chi' (gu) |
Leguminosae | Diphysa minutifolia Rose | Guiiña' bidxi (s) |
Leguminosae | Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir.) Kunth ex DC. | Guie' gade (gu) |
Leguminosae | Microlobius foetidus (Jacq.) M. Sousa & G. Andrade | Biquiiche dxa' (t) |
Leguminosae | Mimosa acantholoba (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. | Chumaaga o Guichi xhi gueza (s) |
Leguminosae | Senna atomaria (L.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby | Beza duni (t) |
Leguminosae | Senna skinneri (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby | Guie' bizu, Bara seda (gu) |
Leguminosae | Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. | Yaga bii (t) |
Malpighiaceae | Malpighia emarginata Sessé et Moc. ex DC. | Combriu (s) |
Malvaceae | Hibiscus sp. | Xiaa gui'xhi' (gr) |
Portulacaceae | Portulaca oleracea L. | Xedxe (gr) |
Rhamnaceae | Ziziphus amole (Sessé & Moc.) M. C. Johnst. | Xuba beza (t) |
Sapindaceae | Serjania goniocarpa Radlk. | Luba' golondrina (v) |
Scrophulariaceae | Capraria biflora L. | Bitiaa gui' xhi' (gr) |
Theophrastaceae | Jacquinia pungens Gray | Guie' zee (gu) |
Variable | Component 1 |
---|---|
Municipality | 0.106 |
Occupation |
0.780
|
Age | −0.343 |
Schooling |
0.812
|
Understands Spanish |
0.712
|
Speaks Spanish |
0.831
|
Speaks Zapotec | −0.108 |
Results
Social and demographic variables
Knowledge of Zapotec botanical nomenclature and local uses
Competence in visual recognition | Competence in recognition of plant form | Competence in recognition of genera | Competence in recognition of specific name | Competence in knowledge of use | Global index | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary activity
| N | 150 | 150 | 150 | 150 | 150 | 150 |
Mean |
28.22
|
28.13
|
26.48
|
25.29
|
23.80
|
131.9200
| |
Std. Desv. | 1.706 | 1.773 | 2.548 | 3.428 | 2.761 | 10.91119 | |
Secondary and tertiary activity
| N | 150 | 150 | 150 | 150 | 150 | 150 |
Mean |
19.23
|
18.65
|
14.71
|
11.75
|
12.65
|
76.9867
| |
Std. Desv. | 5.476 | 5.796 | 6.471 | 6.646 | 5.682 | 28.80669 | |
Total
| N | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 |
Mean |
23.72
|
23.39
|
20.59
|
18.52
|
18.22
|
104.4533
| |
Std. Desv. | 6.057 | 6.389 | 7.673 | 8.594 | 7.148 | 35.06842 | |
Coefficient of variation (%) |
25.53
|
27.31
|
37.26
|
46.40
|
39.23
|
33.57
|
Level of knowledge | Sum of squares | df | Mean square | F | Sig. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Competence in visual recognition
| Between groups | 12631.781 | 1 | 12631.781 | 456.531 |
<0.001
|
Within groups | 8245.385 | 298 | 27.669 | |||
Total | 20877.166 | 299 | ||||
Competence in recognition of plant form
| Between groups | 13457.411 | 1 | 13457.411 | 457.220 |
<0.001
|
Within groups | 8771.075 | 298 | 29.433 | |||
Total | 22228.486 | 299 | ||||
Competence in recognition of genera
| Between groups | 14436.678 | 1 | 14436.678 | 431.136 |
<0.001
|
Within groups | 9978.589 | 298 | 33.485 | |||
Total | 24415.267 | 299 | ||||
Competence in recognition of specific name
| Between groups | 17385.702 | 1 | 17385.702 | 432.363 |
<0.001
|
Within groups | 11982.854 | 298 | 40.211 | |||
Total | 29368.556 | 299 | ||||
Competence in knowledge of use
| Between groups | 9706.413 | 1 | 9706.413 | 458.053 |
<0.001
|
Within groups | 6314.800 | 298 | 21.191 | |||
Total | 16021.213 | 299 | ||||
Global index
| Between groups | 4905.139 | 1 | 4905.139 | 565.941 |
<0.001
|
Within groups | 2582.835 | 298 | 8.667 | |||
Total | 7487.974 | 299 |